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| Greek philosopher and scientist. A student of Plato and tutor to Alexander the Great, he founded a school (the Lyceum) outside Athens. He is one of the most influential thinkers in the history of Western thought. His surviving works cover a vast range of subjects, including logic, ethics, metaphysics, politics, natural science, and physics |
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| A system of government by one person with absolute power |
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| The middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes |
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| An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state |
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| An economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined centrally by a government |
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| A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs |
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| A league or alliance, esp. of confederate states |
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| A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed |
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| Constitutional Government |
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| a government with a written constitution that describes the powers, the rules, and the limits of the government. |
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| Constitutional law is a body of law dealing with the distribution and exercise of government power. |
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| A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives |
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| Democratic socialism is a description used by various socialist movements and organizations, to emphasize the democratic character of their political orientation |
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| The term developed country is used to describe countries that have a high level of development according to some criteria. Which criteria, and which countries are classified as being developed, is a contentious issue and is surrounded by fierce debate. |
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| Developing country is a term generally used to describe a nation with a low level of material well-being |
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| The branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth |
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| Ex Parte Endo V. United States |
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| A system of states that act as one unit but keep their internal affairs independent, as in the United States |
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| A system of states that act as one unit but keep their internal affairs independent, as in the United States |
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| An economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control |
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| An economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses |
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| The governing body of a nation, state, or community |
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| widely known as the Father of Liberalism, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. |
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| A policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering |
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| A form of government with a monarch at the head |
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| A large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory |
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| A sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent |
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| A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution |
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| an organization to gain political power; "in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level" |
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| The activities associated with the governance of a country or other area, esp. the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to achieve power |
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| A preliminary or preparatory statement; an introduction |
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| Workers or working-class people, regarded collectively (often used with reference to Marxism) |
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| A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch |
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| An implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits |
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| A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole |
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| Supreme power or authority |
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| The particular condition that someone or something is in at a specific time |
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| English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings |
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| A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as one single unit in which the central government is supreme and any administrative divisions (subnational units) exercise only powers that the central government chooses to delegate. Many states in the world have a unitary system of government. |
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