·      Who were the Greek philosophers and why are they important?

o   Father of Modern Philosophy.

o   Mind-Body dualism: Belief that the mind and body can interact to influence each other. 

·      Who were the British empiricists? Why important?

o   John Locke, David Hume, and George Berkely

§  Believed that ALL knowledge comes from experience. People are born Tabula Rasa. 

·      Wundt changed Psychology from a philosophy to a science

·      What is Structuralism? Who developed it?

o   Structuralism: An approach to psychology based on the idea that conscious experience can be broken down into its basic underlying components or elements.

o   Edward Titchener

·      What is Functionalism? Who developed it?

o   Functionalism: An approach to psychology concerned with the adaptive purpose, or function, of mind and behavior.

o   William James

·      What is Gestalt and what does it mean?

o   Gestalt: Theory based on the idea that the whole of personal experience is different from simply the sum of its constituent elements.

o   The whole is different from the sum of its parts. 

·      Why is John Watson important to psychology? B.F. Skinner?

o   Watson: Challenged psychology’s focus on conscious and unconscious mental processes as inherently unscientific.

o   Skinner: Took up the mantle of behaviorism. Denied mental states’ existence.

·      5 Modern Day approaches to psychology and what they mean?

o   Psychoanalysis: A method developed by Freud that attempts to bring the contents of the unconscious into conscious awareness so that conflicts can be revealed.

o   Behaviorism: A psychological approach that emphasizes the role of environmental forces in producing behavior.

o   Cognitive Psychology: The study of how people think, learn and remember.

o   Cognitive Neuroscience: The study of the neural mechanisms that underlie thought, learning, and memory.

o   The study of mind, brain and behavior. 

o   Self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires, and sensations.