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Definition
| The unique, dynamic organization of characteristics of a particular person, physical and psychological, which influence behavior and responses to the social and physical environment. |
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Definition
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Definition
- The major theoretical orientations of personality psychology
- (inc. Psychoanalytic strategy, Dispostional strategy, Environmental strategy, Representational strategy) |
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Term
| What are the 2 components of scientific theories? |
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Definition
- Theoretical constructs
(Basic terms and building blocks)
i.e. energy(e),mass(m),constant(c)
- Relational propositions
(Laws that desc. rel. b/w constructs)
i.e. e=mc2 |
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| What are the 7 major criteria for evaluating a theory? |
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Definition
1- Empirical Validity (Evidence based)
2- Parsimony (Simplicity/conciseness)
3- Comprehensiveness
4- Coherence (Internal consistence)
5- Testability
6- Usefulness
7- Acceptability |
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Definition
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| What are the personality psychology strategies? |
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Definition
- Psychoanalytic strategy
- Dispositional Strategy
- Environmental strategy
- Representational strategy |
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| Overview of Psychoanalytic Strategy |
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Definition
- Assumes personality is driven by underlying forces within the person
- Drives motivate behavior |
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| Overview of Dispositional strategy |
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Definition
- Roots go back to early Greek philosophy
- Assumes that personality is a set of enduring characteristics, with individuals differing on how much of each characteristic they possess
- Assumption shared by an array of biological viewpoints |
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| Overview of Environmental strategy |
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Definition
- Assumes that personality is shaped by external conditions and circumstances
- Concerned with both "how" (process) and "what" (content) the indiv. learns from the environment |
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| Overview of Representational strategy |
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Definition
- Assumes that personality is a reflection of the ways individuals mentally represent themselves and the people, objects, and events they experience
- Foundation was laid in the 1950s by writing of Carl Rogers, George Kelly, and Julian Rotter |
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Term
| What are the 4 issues that must be addressed by the strategies? |
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Definition
1- A theory of personality
2- An approach to the assessment (measures) of personality
3- Research procedures for testing hypotheses
4- Applications derived from the theory (inc. methods of pers. change) |
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| What are the purposes of theories? |
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Definition
1- To organize & clarify observations
2- To provide a sense of understanding
3- To Guide future research |
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| Implicit theory of personality |
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Definition
- Informal ideas individuals have about how personalities work
- They are private and not stated explicitly |
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| Free will vs. Determinism supporters |
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Definition
Free will- Albert Bandura
Determinism- B.F. Skinner |
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| What are the goals of personality psychology? |
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Definition
- Description
- Prediction
- Control
- Understanding (? controversial) |
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| How old is the idea of personality? |
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Definition
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| Which strategy emphasizes drives as the most important determinant of personality? |
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Definition
| The Psychoanalytic Strategy |
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| Which strategy emphasizes differences in the quantity of each of the innate characteristics of the person? |
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Definition
| The Dispositional Strategy |
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| What strategy emphasizes the impacts of the external world? |
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Definition
| The Environmental Strategy |
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