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| the branch of psychology that studies the relationships between behavior and the body, particularly the brain. |
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| the idea that the mind and the body consist of the same substance. |
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| BELIEVES THAT EVERYTHING IS NONPHYSICAL MIND |
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| BELIEVE THAT MIND AND BODY AND EVERYTHING ELSE IS PHYSICAL |
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THE BRAIN AND MIND ARE SEPARATE
BODY-MATERIAL
MIND-NONMATERIAL
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| BELIEVES THAT the mind influences behavior by interacting with the brain. |
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PLATO'S STUDENT
MONIST
*JOINED THE BODY & SOUL TO EXPLAIN EMOTIONS, MEMORY, AND REASONING* |
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FATHER OF NEUROSCIENCE
-USED A HYDRAULIC MODEL TO EXPLAIN BRAIN'S ACTIVITY
-THIS WAS INFLUENCED BY INCIDENT WITH TUBES IN THE GARDEN |
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COINED BY DESCARTES
HE REASONED THAT NERVES WERE HOLLOW TUBES WITH "ANIMAL SPIRITS" (FLUIDS) THAT FLOWED FROM THE BRAIN AND INFLATED THE MUSCLES TO PRODUCE MOVEMENT. SENSATIONS, MEMORIES, AND OTHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS WERE PRODUCED BY THESE. |
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"SEAT OF THE SOUL"
DESCARTES BELIEVED THAT IT WAS THE PERFECT LOCATION THAT PUMPED THE "ANIMAL SPIRITS"
HE BELIEVED IT WAS CAPABLE OF BENDING AT DIFFERENT ANGLES TO DIRECT THE FLOW INTO CRITICAL AREAS OF THE BRAIN.
WHERE THE MIND INTERACTED WITH THE BODY
THIS WAS EVENTUALLY REJECTED |
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| WHEN YOU GATHER INFORMATION THROUGH OBSERVATION RATHER THAN LOGIC, INTUITION, OR OTHER MEANS. |
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EXPERIMENTED ON THE FROG'S LEG MUSCLE BY STIMULATING THE ATTACHED NERVE W/ ELECTRICITY
(THIS SHOWED THAT ANIMAL SPIRITS WERE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR MOVEMENT) |
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| GUSTAV FRITSCH & EDUARD HITZIG (1870) |
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EXPERIMENTED ON DOGS BY ELECTRICALLY STIMULATING THEIR EXPOSED BRAINS WHICH PRODUCED MOVEMENT
(THIS SHOWED THAT ANIMAL SPIRITS WERE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR MOVEMENT) |
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MEASURED THE SPEED OF CONDUCTION IN NERVES, WHICH RESULTED TO BE SLOWER THAN ELECTRICITY. DEMONSTRATED THAT NERVES DO NOT BEHAVE LIKE WIRES CONDUCTING ELECTRICITY.
-ESTABLISHED THAT...
*NEURAL CONDUCTION IS BIOLOGICAL IN NATURE*
*NEURAL FUNCTIONING IS OPEN TO SCIENTIFIC STUDY* |
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-FOUNDED THE FIRST PSYCHOLOGY LAB IN GERMANY IN 1879
-SEPARATED PSYCH FROM PHILOSOPHY W/ EMPHASIS ON OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL CONTROLS. |
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| THE IDEA THAT SPECIFIC AREAS OF THE BRAIN CARRY OUT SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS |
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A RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION FOREMAN THAT HAD AN IRON ROD PIERCED THROUGH HIS SKULL AND FRONTAL LOBE.
*NO IMPAIRMENT TO HIS INTELLIGENCE, SPEECH, MEMORY, OR MOVEMENT*
*BUT HE BECAME IRRESPONSIBLE, PROFANE, AND UNSOCIABLE* |
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| PERFORMED AN AUTOPSY ON THE BRAIN OF A MAN WHO HAD LOST THE ABILITY TO SPEAK AFTER A STROKE. IT SHOWED THAT DAMAGE WAS LIMITED TO AN AREA ON THE LEFT SIDE OF HIS BRAIN. |
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| THE AREA ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE BRAIN THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SPEECH |
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FELT PATIENTS' SKULLS TO FEEL BUMPS AND RELATING IT TO INDIVIDUAL'S CHARACTERISTICS
FALSE FALSE FALSE |
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KARL LASHLEY
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EQUIPOTENTIALITY |
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| BELIEVED THAT BRAIN FUNCTIONS AS AN UNDIFFERENTIATED WHOLE. THE EXTENT OF DAMAGE, NOT THE LOCATION, IS WHAT DETERMINES HOW MUCH FUNCTION IS LOST. |
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| THE BIOLOGICAL UNIT THAT DIRECTS CELLULAR PROCESSES AND TRANSMITS INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS. |
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| HOW MANY CHROMOSOMES IN A HUMAN BODY CELL? |
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JAMES WATSON
&
FRANCIS CRICK
&
ROSALIND FRANKLIN |
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Definition
| PROPOSED THE STRUCTURE FOR DNA |
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Definition
[image]
DNA replicates itself.
DNA to RNA is transcription.
RNA to Proteins is translation. |
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| DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF A GENE |
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| GOAL OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT |
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| TO MAP THE LOCATION OF ALL THE GENES ON THE HUMAN CHROMOSOMES AND TO DETERMINE THE GENES' CODES (THE ORDER OF BASES WITHIN EACH GENE) |
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| DARWIN'S PRINCIPLE OF NATURAL SELECTION |
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| INDIVIDS. WHOSE GENES PROVIDE THEM WITH A GREATER ABILITY TO ADAPT ARE MORE LIKELY TO SURVIVE, AND PASS ON THESE BENEFICIAL GENES TO MORE OFFSPRING. |
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Percentage of variation in a
characteristic that is attributed to genetics. |
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More genes for a disorder reduces
the threshold required to produce it. |
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| Q: THE IDEA THAT MIND AND BRAIN ARE BOTH PHYSICAL IS KNOWN AS..... |
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| AN ORGANISM OR A SYSTEM USED TO UNDERSTAND A MORE COMPLEX ONE. |
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| Q: DESCARTE'S MOST IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION WAS IN... |
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| SUGGESTING THE PHYSICAL CONTROL OF BEHAVIOR |
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| Q: HEMHOLTZ SHOWED THAT.... |
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| NERVES ARE NOT LIKE ELECTRICAL WIRES B/C THEY CONDUCT TOO SLOWLY. |
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| Q: IN THE THE MID-1800s, STUDIES OF THE BRAIN-DAMAGED PATIENTS CONVINCED RESEARCHERS THAT... |
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| BEHAVIORS ORIGINATED IN SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BRAIN |
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| Q: LOCALIZATION MEANS THAT.... |
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| SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS ARE FOUND IN SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BRAIN. |
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| Q: X-LINKED CHARACTERISTICS AFFECT MALES MORE THAN FEMALES B/C.... |
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| THE RESPONSIBLE GENE IS NOT PAIRED WITH ANOTHER GENE ON THE Y CHROMOSOME |
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| Q: HERITABILITY IS GREATEST FOR.... |
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| Q: IF WE ALL HAD IDENTICAL GENES, THE ESTIMATED HERITABILITY FOR A CHARACTERISITC WOULD BE... |
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