Term
|
Definition
| concerned with understanding the nature, causes, and treatment of mental disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whether a disorder runs in families |
|
|
Term
| The more someone has difficulties in the following areas, the more likely he is to have some form of mental disorder. |
|
Definition
1. Suffering
2. Maladaptiveness
3. Statistical Deviancy
4. Violation of the Standards of Society
5. Social Discomfort
6. Irrationality and Unpredictability
7. Dangerousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Although suffering is an element of abnormality in many cases, it is neither a sufficient condition (all that is needed) nor even a necessary condition (a feature that all cases of abnormality must show) for us to consider something as abnormal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maladaptive behavior is often an indicator of abnormality; however, not all disorders involve maladaptive behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| If something is statistically rare and undesirable (as is severely diminished intellectual functioning), we are more likely to consider it abnormal than something that is statistically rate and highly desirable (such as genius) or something that is undesirable but statistically common (such as rudeness) |
|
|
Term
| Violations of the Standards of Society |
|
Definition
| a behavior is most likely to be viewed as abnormal when it violates the standards of society and is statistically deviant or rare |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When someone violates a social rule, those around her may experience a sense of discomfort or ease. |
|
|
Term
| Irrationality and Unpredictability |
|
Definition
| A point at which we consider a given unorthodox behavior abnormal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Research suggests that in people with mental illness, dangerousness is more the exception than it is the rule. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Because decisions about abnormal behavior always involve social judgments and are based on the values and expectations of society at large, means that culture plays a role in determining what is and is not abnormal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| American Psychiatric Association's Manual accepted in the United States, that defines various types of mental disorders. |
|
|
Term
| DSM-5 Definition of Mental Disorder |
|
Definition
| A behavioral or psychology syndrome (or pattern) that is present in an individual that reflects some kind of underlying psychobiological dysfunction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Most sciences rely on a classification system that provides us with a nomenclature (a naming system) and enables us to structure information in a more helpful manner.
2. Organizing information within a classification system allows us to study the different disorders and to learn more about what cause them and how they might best be treated.
3. Defining the domain of what is considered to be pathological establishes the range of problems that the mental heal profession can address. |
|
|
Term
| Disadvantages of Classification |
|
Definition
1. Due to providing information in a shorthand form, an arry of personal details about the actual person is lost.
2. Stigma associated with having a psychiatric diagnosis.
3. Stereotyping (automatic beliefs concerning other people that are based on minimal (often trivial) information)
4. Labeling. Once a group of symptoms is given a name and identified by means of a diagnosis, this "diagnostic label" can be hard to shake even if the person later makes a full recovery. |
|
|
Term
| Diagnostic Classification Systems |
|
Definition
| Classify the disorders that people have, not the people. Simply put, the person is not the diagnosis. |
|
|
