Today, the US federal income tax takes an average of what percent of taxpayers' income?

21%

Formal authority refers to a right to exercise power that is derived from a(n)

governmental office

The primary source of legitimate political authority in the United States is the 

U.S. Constitution

Which delegate to the Constitutional Convention was worried that the new government that he helped create might be too democratic?

Alexander Hamilton

Who was not an important source of theories explaining political elites?

Sigmund Freud

Marxists claim that, in modern society, the two major classes for power are the 

capitalists and workers

In Marxist ideology, the term bourgeoisie refers to 

capitalists

Max Weber and the pluralists would be  most likely to agree that

No extra-governmental elite controls politics

Who conceptualized the widest distribution of political power- or placed it in the largest number of hands?

Max Weber

Who conceptualized the narrowest distribution of political power- or placed it in the smallest number of hands? 

Karl Marx

Equality was the goal of the 

French Revolution

The principal goal of the American Revolution was

liberty

One of the basic liberties sought by the colonists through independence from Great Britain was

Freedom from taxation without representation

The liberties that the colonists fought to protect were based on

Natural Rights

What most accurately summarizes the aftermath of the American Revolution?

Many cities were in ruin and the British were still a powerful presence

Under the Articles of Confederation, delegates to the national legislature were

chosen by the state legislatures

Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government could

run the Post Office

Shays' Rebellion, an early test of the powers of the Articles of Confederation, took place in

Massachusetts

The Massachusetts constitution

• created a separation of powers 
• established property qualifications
• provided for an independent judiciary

Among those who were conspicuously absent from the Constitutional Convention were

Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry

Madison dramatized his perspective in a Federalist paper by observing that "if men were _____, no government would be necessary."

Angels

Under the Virginia Plan, acts of the national legislature could have been revised by

No one-- they would have been supreme

The Virginia Plan would have granted the national legislature the power to veto state laws...

any time it chose

According to the Virginia Plan, proposed at the Constitutional Convention, all state laws should be...

subject to veto by a national legislature

Each state would have an equal number of votes in the

New Jersey Plan

The intent of the New Jersey Plan was to _______ the old Articles of Confederation

amend

The New Jersey Plan would have allotted votes in Congress to states on the basis of

equality

One indication of the degree of contention at the Convention might be found in Benjamin Franklin's suggestion that each day's meeting begin with

prayer

A majority of the thirteen states eligible to vote for the compromise plan submitted to the Constitutional Convention on July 5, 1787...

were either absent or did not vote for the compromise

The Great Compromise finally allocated representation on the basis of

population in the House and statehood equality in the Senate

Separation of power and federalism were two key principles in the framing of the U.S. Constitution. These two principles are related in that each...

involves a systems of checks and balances in which power is dispersed.

Dividing power between the states and the national government is referred to as

federalism

What is NOT a way in which Congress can check the federal courts?

Overturning a court decision with a two-thirds vote in the Senate