Term
Cholinergic Drugs
What do they do? |
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Definition
| Cholinergic Drugs stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system same as acetylcholine |
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Term
Cholinergic Drugs:
How do they act on the body? |
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Definition
| Can act DIRECTLY to stimulate cholinergic receptors or INDIRECTLY by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (ase=breaks down..acetylcholine) which slows metabolism of acetylcholine at autonomic synapses. |
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Term
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Definition
| muscle contraction, cognitive function including memor storage and retrieval, secretory and motor activity of gut, promotion of normal urination |
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Term
Cholinergic Drugs:
Direct-Acting |
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Definition
Synthetic derivative of Choline(made in lab setting)
Are lipid soluble (canNOT cross Blood/Brain Barrier, canNOT act on CNS)
HIghly resistant to metabolism by acetylcholinesterase(cnt break down well)
*have widespread systemic effects |
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Term
Direct-Acting CHolinergic Drugs:
What are the systemic effects? (CV, GI, GU, Resp, Eyes) |
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Definition
Systemic Effects:
CV: decreased HR, vasodilation,Unpredictable BP changes
GI:^ tone& contractility of GI smooth muscle, relaxation ofsphincters,increased salivary gland&GI secretions
GU:^tone&contractility of smooth muscle in urinary bladder &relaxation of sphincter
Resp:^ tone&contractility of bronchial smooth muscle
Eyes: constriction of pupils & contraction of ciliary muscle |
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Term
Cholinergic Drugs:
INDIRECT-ACTING Cholinergic Drugs
(Anticholinesterase)
what do they do?? |
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Definition
-Decrease the inactivation (metabolism) of acetylcholine in the synapse
-In addition to providing effects of direct-acting cholinergic drugs indirect-acting medications also improve skeletal muscle tone & strength.
-May be REVERSIBLE (used for treatment of Alzheimer's disease & myasthemia gravis)
or IRREVERSIBLE (highly toxic, primarily used in poisens) |
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Term
| *CHolinergic Drugs help to keep acetylcholine in the body for a longer amount of time |
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Definition
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Term
Cholinergic Drugs:
CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR USE |
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Definition
-Urinary or GI tract obstruction
-Asthma-bronchospasms
-Peptic Ulcer Disease-^gastric secretions
-Inflammatory Bowel Disorders/Recent abdominal surgery
-CAD (Coronary Artery Disease
-Hyperthyroidism
-Pregnancy |
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Term
Cholinergic Drugs:
Individual Medications
DIRECT-ACTING CHOLINERGICS
BETHANECHOL (URECHOLINE) |
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Definition
| Used to treat urinary retention due to urinary bladder atony (promoting bladder emptying) and post-op abdominal distention due to paralytic ileus |
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Term
Cholinergic Drugs:
Individual Medications
REVERSIBLE INDIRECT ACTING CHOLINERGIC
NEOSTIGMINE (PROSTIGMIN) |
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Definition
-Prototype for this drug
-used for long term treatment of myasthenia gravis (autoimmune disease) |
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Term
Cholinergic Drugs:
Individual Medications
REVERSIBLE INDIRECT ACTING CHOLINERGIC
EDROPHONIUM (TENSILON) |
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Definition
short-acting cholinergic used to diagnose myasthenia gravis (autoimmune neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatiguability)
Through IV |
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