Term
| Blood is carried in a closed system of vessels that begins and ends at the ____?___ |
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Definition
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Term
| carry blood away from the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| capillaries contact tissue cells and directly serve ______ needs |
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Definition
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Term
| carry blood toward the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| Arteries and veins are composed of which three tunics? |
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Definition
| tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa |
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Term
| central blood-containing space surrounded by tunics |
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Definition
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Term
| Capillaries are composed of endothelium with sparse b______ l_______ |
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Definition
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Term
| endothelial layer that lines the lumen of all vessels |
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Definition
| Tunica interna (tunica intima) |
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Term
| In vessels larger than 1mm, a _____ is present |
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Definition
| subendothelial C.T. (basement membrane) |
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Term
| smooth muscle and elastic fiber layer, regulated by sympathetic nervous system; controls vasoconstriction & vasodilation |
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Definition
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Term
| reduction in lumen diameter |
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Definition
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Term
| increase in lumen diameters |
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Definition
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Term
| collagen fibers that protect and reinforce vessels |
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Definition
| Tunica externa (tunica adventitia) |
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Term
| The arterial system is divided into what 3 parts? |
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Definition
| elastic arteries, muscular arteries and arterioles |
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Term
| thick- walled arteries near the heart |
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Definition
| Elastic (Conducting) Arteries |
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Term
| Elastic (Conducting) Arteries contain ____ in all three tunics |
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Definition
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Term
| an example of Elastic (Conducting) Arteries is the ______ and _______ |
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Definition
| the aorta and its major branches |
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Term
| Elastic (Conducting) Arteries have a ______ lumen that allows low-resistance conduction of blood |
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Definition
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Term
| Elastic (Conducting) Arteries withstand and smooth out _________ to allow blood to flow fairly continuously through the body |
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Definition
| large blood pressure fluctuations |
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Term
| have thick tunica media with more smooth muscle and less elastic tissue; active in vasoconstriction |
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Definition
| Muscular (Distributing) arteries |
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Term
| Muscular (Distributing) arteries are _____ to elastic arteries |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscular (Distributing) arteries deliver blood to _________ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Arterioles (Distributing) |
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Term
| Arterioles lead to capillary beds and control flow into capillary beds via _______ and ________ |
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Definition
| vasodilation and vasoconstriction |
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Term
| Arterioles lead to ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the smallest blood vessels; walls consisting of a thin tunica interna, one cell thick; allow only a single RBC to pass at a time |
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Definition
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Term
| (smooth muscle-like cells) on the outer surface of capillaries that stabilize their walls |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ capillaries are the most common of capillaries. |
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Definition
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Term
| Continuous capillaries abundant in the skin and muscles, and have: endothelial cells that provide a(n) ________________ |
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Definition
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Term
| adjacent cells of Continuous capillaries are held together with tight junctions but have _________ of unjoined membranes that allow the passage of fluids |
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Definition
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Term
| Continuous capillaries of the brain: have tight junctions completely around the endothelium; constitute the __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of Capillaries are found wherever active capillary absorption or filtrate formation occurs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fenestrated capillaries are Characterized by: an endothelium riddled with ________ allowing greater permeability to solutes and fluids than other capillaries |
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Definition
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Term
Highly modified, leaky, fenestrated capillaries with large lumens, Found in the liver, bone marrow, lymphoid tissue, and in some
endocrine organs |
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Definition
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Term
| Sinusoids Allow _____________ to pass between the blood and surrounding tissues |
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Definition
| large molecules (proteins and blood cells) |
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Term
| Blood flows ________ through Sinusoids, allowing for modification in various ways |
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Definition
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Term
| flow of blood through a capillary bed (from arteriole to venule) |
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Definition
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Term
| the channel connecting an arteriole directly with a postcapillary venule |
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Definition
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Term
| 10 to 100 per capillary bed; capillaries branch off the metarteriole |
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Definition
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Term
regulates blood flow into the capillary;
p___________ s___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood flow is regulated by v_________ nerves and l_____ c_____ c____, so it can either bypass or flood the capillary bed |
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Definition
| vasomotor nerves and local chemical conditions |
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Term
| _________ are formed when capillary beds unite; allow fluids and WBCs to pass from the bloodstream to tissues |
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Definition
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Term
smallest venules, composed of endothelium and a few pericytes
p__________ v_____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Large venules have one or two layers of ___________ |
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Definition
| smooth muscle (tunica media) |
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Term
| are formed when venules converge |
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Definition
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Term
| veins are capacitance vessels (blood reservoirs) that contain __% of the blood supply; |
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Definition
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Term
| veins have much lower blood pressure and thinner walls than ______ |
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Definition
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Term
specialized, flattened veins with extremely thin walls
(e.g., coronary sinus of the heart and dural sinuses of the brain) |
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Definition
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Term
| To return blood to the heart, veins have special adaptations: ____________, which offer little resistance to flow |
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Definition
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Term
| veins have valves (resembling semilunar heart valves), which prevent _____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Which 3 are examples of places where capillary formation and filtrate absorption occur? |
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Definition
| small intestines, endocrine glands, and kidneys |
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Term
| True capillaries return to the t__________ c_______ at the distal end of the bed |
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Definition
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Term
| interwoven networks of capillaries |
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Definition
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Term
| blood flow can either b_______ or f______ to the capillary bed |
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Definition
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Term
| Precapillary sphincters are a cuffs of smooth muscle that surround each t__________ c__________ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are 2 other names for vascular shunts ? |
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Definition
| metarterioles or thoroughfare channels |
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Term
| What is another name for tunica externa? |
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Definition
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Term
| Elastic (Conducting) Arteries have a large lumen that allows l______-r______ conduction of blood |
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Definition
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