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Chapter 19
n/a
16
History
10th Grade
11/27/2010

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Term
Agricultural Revolution
Definition
The period from the mid-seventeenth century on in Europe during which great agricultural progress was made and the fallow was gradually eliminated.
Term
Atlantic Slave Trade
Definition
Forced migration of millions of Africans to work in servitude during the eighteenth century.
Term
Common Lands
Definition
The open meadows maintained by villages for public use.
Term
Cottage Industry
Definition
"domestic industry," a stage of rural industrial development with wage workers.
Term
Creoles
Definition
People of Spanish blood born in America.
Term
Crop Rotation
Definition
The system by which farmers would rotate the types of crops grown in each field as to not deplete the soil of its natural resources.
Term
Debt Peonage
Definition
A system which allowed a planter or rancher to keep his workers/slaves in perpetual debt bondage by periodically advancing food, shelter, and a little money.
Term
Economic Liberalism
Definition
Based on the writings of Adam Smith, it is the belief in free trade and competition.
Term
Enclosure
Definition
The idea to enclose individual share of the pastures as a way of farming more effectively.
Term
Famine Foods
Definition
The foods eaten by a desperate population- chestnuts, bark, dandelions and grass- in attempts to escape starvation.
Term
Mercantilism
Definition
System of economic regulations aimed at increasing the power of the state.
Term
Mestizos
Definition
The offspring of spanish men and Indian women.
Term
Navigation Acts
Definition
The result of the English desire to increase both military power and private wealth.
Term
Open-Field Systems
Definition
A system of village farming developed by peasants where the land was divided into several largfe fields.
Term
Proletarianization
Definition
The transformation of large number of small peasant farmera into landless rural wage earners.
Term
Putting-Out System
Definition
Term used to describe the 18th century rural industry.
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