Which of the following MOST accurately defines an allergic reaction?

A. a direct effect on the body by an external substance

B. destruction of the immune system by an external substance

C. a release of erythrocytes in response to a foreign substance

D. an exaggerated immune system response to any substance

A 48-year-old male is found unconsciousness in the garden by his wife. When you arrive at the scene and assess the man, you find that he is unresponsive, has severely labored breathing, and has hives over his entiretrunk. You should:

A. maintain his airway and assist his ventilation

B. ask his wife if he has any known allergies

C. perform a detailed secondary assessment

D. apply a automated external defrillator (AED) in the event that cardiac arrest occurs

The foreign substance respnsible for causing an allergic reaction is called a(n):

A. allergen

B. histamine

C. leokotriene

D. antibody

A 38-year-old female was bitten by fire ants while at the park with her kids. Your primary assessment reveals that she is semiconscious, has profoundly labored breathing, and has a rapid, thready pulse. She has a red rash on her entire body and her face is very swollen. you should:

A. place her supine with her legs elevated 6" to 12"

B. assist her ventilation with 100% oxygen

C. perform a rapid secondary assessment

D. administer 0.3 mg of epinephrine

Most patients who die of anaphylaxis do so within the first __________ follwoing exposure.

A. 90 minutes

B. 60 minutes

C. 5 minutes

D. 30 minutes

When administering epinephrine via auto-injector, you should hold the injector in place for:

A. 15 seconds

B. 20 seconds

C. 5 seconds

D. 10 seconds

When using an auto-injector to give epinephrine, the primary injection site is the:

A. medial portion of the thigh

B. lateral portion of the thigh

C. lateral portion of the arm

D. medial portion of the buttocks

The stinger from a honeybee should be:

A. irrigated with copious amounts of water

B. squeezed with tweezer and removed

C. scraped away from the skin

D. left in place and covered

Urticaria is the medical term for:

A. hives

B. a wheal

C. burning

D. swelling

Which of the following sounds indicates swelling of the upper airway?

A. rales

B. wheezing

C. stridor

D. rhonchi

Steps for assisting a patient with administering of an EpiPen include:

A. taking body substance isolation precautions

B. placing the tip of the auto-injector against the medial part of the patient's thigh

C. recapping the injector before placing it in the trash

D. All of the above

Allergens may include:

A. food

B. animal bites

C. semen

D. all of the above

Anaphylaxis is not always life threatening, but it typically involves:

A. multiple organ systems

B. wheezing

C. urticaria

D. wheals

Signs and symptoms of insect stings or bites include:

A. swelling

B. wheals

C. localized heat

D. all of the above

Prolonged respiratory difficulty can cause ____________, shock, and even death.

A. tachypnea

B. pulmonary edema

C. tachycardia

D. airway obstruction

Speed is essential because in severe cases of anaphylaxis, _____________ can occur rapidly.

A. urticaria

B. compensation

C. death

D. recovery

Questions to ask when obtaining a history from a patient to have an allergic reaction include:

A. whether the patient has a history of allergies

B. what the patient was exposed to

C. how the patient was exposed

D. all of the above

The dosage of epinephrine in an adult EpiPen is:

A. 0.10 mg

B. 0.15 mp

C. 0.30 mg

D. 0.50 mg

Epinephrine, whether made by the body or by a drug manufacturer, works rapidly to:

A. raise the pulse rate and blood pressure

B. inhibit an allergic reaction

C. relieve bronchospasm

D. all of the above

Because the stinger of the honeybee is barbed and remains in the wound, it can continue to inject venom for up to:

A. 1 minute

B. 15 minutes

C. 20 minutes

D. several hours

You should not use tweezers or forceps to remove an embedded stinger because:

A. squeezing may cause the stinger to inject more venom into the wound

B. the stinger may break off in the wound

C. the tweezers are not sterile and may cause infection

D. removing the stinger may cause bleeding

Your assessment of the patient experiencing an allergic reaction should include evaluatios of the:

A. respiratory system

B. circulatory system

C. skin

D. all of the above

Eating certain foods, such as shellfish or nuts, may result in a relatively ____________ reaction that still can be quite severe.

A. mild

B. fast

C. slow

D. rapid

In dealing with allergy-related emergencies, you must be aware of the possibility of acute ____________ and cardiovascular collapse.

A. hypotension

B. tachypnea

C. airway obstruction

D. shock

Wheezing occurs because excessive ___________ and mucus are secreted into the bronchial passages.

A. fluid

B. carbon dioxide

C. blood

D. all of the above

True or False

Allergic reactions can occure in response to almost any substance.

True or False

An allergic reaction occurs when the body has an immune response to a substance.

True or False

Wheezing is a high-pitched breath sound, usually resulting from blockage of the airway, and is heard on expiration.

True or False

For a patient appearing to have an allergic reaction, give 100% oxygen via nasal cannula.

Fill-in-the-Blank

Wheezing occurs because excessive fluid and mucus are secreted into the ________ _________.

Fill-in-the-Blank

Small area of generalized itching or burning that appear as multiple, small, raised areas on the skin are called __________.

Fill-in-the-Blank

The stinger of the honeybee is ________, so the bee cannot withdraw.

Fill-in-the-Blank

A reaction involving the entire body is called ____________. 

Fill-in-the-Blank

The presence of __________ or respiratory distress indicated that the patient is having a severe enough allergic reaction to lead to death.

Fill-in-the-Blank

Epinephrine inhibits the allergic reaction by constricting the ______________ _______________.

Fill-in-the-Blank

Your ability to recognize and manage the many signs and symptoms of allergic reaction may be the only thing standing between the patient and ___________ __________.