Term
| __________ is the accumulation of inherited changes within a population over time. |
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Definition
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Term
| A __________ is a group of individuals of one species that live in the same geographic area at the same time. |
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Definition
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Term
| Two populations can diverge to such an extent that we call them a different __________, or so minutely we hardly detect the differences. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ __________ __________ __________ links all fields of life sciences into a unified body of knowledge. |
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Definition
| 1) Unifying Concept of Biology |
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Term
| __________ are minor evolutionary changes of populations usually viewed over a few generation. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ are major evolutionary changes usually viewed over a long period of time. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which scientist proposed that organisms change over time by natural phenomena, not divine intervention? |
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Definition
| 1) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) |
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Term
| Which scientists was discredited by Mendel's basis of heredity? |
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Definition
| 1) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) |
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Term
| Which scientist proposed that over generations a given part would either increase in size or disappear depending on use/need and a vital force that changed them toward greater complexity over time could pass traits acquired during lifetime to offspring (For example, a giraffe's neck got longer as it's needs to reach high trees grew; the longer neck was passed on to progeny)? |
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Definition
| 1) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) |
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Term
| Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution based on observations during the voyage of the HMS Beagle in 1831? |
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Definition
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| Which scientist found similarities between organisms on the arid Galapagos Islands and on the humid South American mainland? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which scientist found similarities and differences that substantiated his proposals on the origin of species? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which scientists was influenced by artificial selection by farmers where a variety of domesticated plants and animals that exhibited the desired traits could be artificially bred? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which scientist applied Thomas Malthus's ideas that there was a check on human population growth, and that there exists a relative struggle for existence (famine, disease, war)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which scientist wrote the diversity of the species in 1858? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which scientist wrote on the origin of the species by natural selection in 1858? |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ is the selection by humans of traits that are desirable in plants or animals and breeding only those individuals that have the desired traits. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ is the mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin; the tendency of organisms that have favorable adaptations to their environment to survive and become the parents of the next generation. Evolution occur when natural selection results in changes in allele frequencies in a population. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ideas about __________ originated long before Darwin's time. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four premises of evolution by natural selection as proposed by Charles Darwin? |
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Definition
1) Genetic variation
2) Reproductive ability of each species
3) Organisms compete with one another for resources
4) Offspring with the most favorable characteristics survive and reproduce |
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Term
| Darwin's voyage on the Beagle provided the basis for his theory of evolution by __________ __________. |
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Definition
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Term
Natural Selection:
-Results in __________
-__________ modifications
-Improve chances of __________ and reproductive success in a particular environment.
-Over time accumulated changes in geographically separated populations produce __________ __________. |
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Definition
1) Adaptations
2) Evolutionary
3) Survival
4) New Species |
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Term
| __________ __________ occurs because individuals with traits (that make them better adapted to local conditions) are more likely to survive and produce offspring than are individuals that are not as well adapted. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ is also known as the synthetic theory of evolution. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ combines Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection with modern genetics. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ explains why individuals in a population vary and how species adapt to their environment. |
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Definition
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Term
Examples of evolution in action suggest that __________ may not be as important as __________ __________ on evolution - at least at the population level.
-Fruit fly evolution would not have proceeded the same way on two different continents.
-Stickleback evolution would not have proceeded the same way in three different lakes. |
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Definition
1) Chance
2) Natural selection |
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Term
| The __________ __________ essentially combines Darwin's theory with genetics and implies that those who believe in __________ think that it is more important in the evolution of major taxonomic groups (__________) than in populations (__________). |
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Definition
1) Modern synthesis
2) Chance
3) Macroevolution
4) Microevolution |
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Term
| __________ are remains or traces of ancient organisms which provide direct evidence of evolution. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ characterize specific layers of rock over large geographic areas, and organisms that existed for a short geological time but in large numbers. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ indicate a progression from the earliest unicellular to the many multicellular organisms living today. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ features include those that are derived from the same structure in a common ancestor. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ features are those in which not all species with similar features have descended from a recent common ancestor. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ features are those which have evolved independently as they exhibit similar functions in distantly related organisms. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ features demonstrate convergent evolution as organisms with separate ancestries adapt similarly to comparable environments. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ structures are nonfunctional or degenerate remnants of structures which were once functional in ancestral organisms. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ structures no longer confer a selective advantage. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ is the study of the geographic distribution of plants and animals, where the populations came from, how they got there, and when. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to __________, from an organism's center of origin, each species spreads until physical, environmental, or biological barriers inhibit it. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ acknowledges that the geographic distribution of organisms affects evolution. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ acknowledges that areas separated from the rest of the world contain organisms which have evolved in isolation unique to those areas. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ acknowledges that if evolution weren't a factor in the distribution of a species than a given species would be found everywhere it could survive. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ has caused landmasses to separate and has played a major role in evolution. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ was supported by scientific evidence that included the movement of large plates on which landmasses are situated. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ __________ are responsible for continents changing their relative positions. |
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Definition
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Term
__________ __________ divided Earth's land areas into six major biogeographic regions:
-Palearctic
-Nearctic
-Neotropical
-Ethiopian
-Oritental
-Australian |
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Definition
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Term
| Alfred Wallace divided Earth's land areas into what six major biogeographic regions? |
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Definition
1) Palearctic
2) Nearctic
3) Neotropical
4) Ethiopian
5) Oriental
6) Australian |
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Term
| Today, human activities contribute to homogenization of __________ realms through the intentional or unintentional introduction of foreign species to an area. |
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Definition
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Term
| Earth has __________ biogeographic realms, each consisting of a major landmass separated by the ocean, mountains, or a desert. |
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Definition
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Term
| Evolutionary changes occur as a result of changes in genes (__________) that regulate the orderly sequence of events. |
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Definition
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Term
| Genetic similarities in a wide range of organisms reflect a shared __________ history. |
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Definition
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Term
| Terrestrial vertebrates are thought to have evolved from __________ ancestors. |
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Definition
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