Term
| What is the components of blood? |
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Definition
| Plasma, Buffy Coat (WBC's), and RBC's (45%) |
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Term
| What is the composition of plasma? |
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Definition
| Water (90%), and solutes (proteins, nutrients&ions, hormones&vitamins, and wastes) |
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Term
| What are the plasma proteins? |
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Definition
Albumin: helps control osmotic pressure and diffusion of water
Globulins: antibodies and transport proteins
Fibrinogen: involved in clotting |
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Term
| What is the purpose of serum in blood? |
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Definition
| composed of blood plasma except for the clotting factors. Maintains osmotic pressures and transport hormones and fatty acids |
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Term
| What are the formed elements of blood? |
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Definition
| erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), and platelets |
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Term
| What is the structure of RBCs? |
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Definition
-bioconcave
-plasma membrane
-cytoplasm (with hemoglobin and no nucleus/organelles)
-flexible and elastic |
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Term
| What is the function of RBCs? |
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Definition
carries oxygen throughout the body
takes carbon dioxide to the lungs to exhale |
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Term
| What's the function of hemoglobin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the basic functions of WBCs? |
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Definition
-protect against bacteria, viruses, parasites
-diapedesis: leave capillary by squeezing between endothelial cells
-ameboid movement: travels to infection |
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Term
| What are granulocytes? examples? |
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Definition
a white blood cell with secretory granules in its cytoplasm
(ex. neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of a neutrophil? % of WBCs |
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Definition
[image]
Structure: 3-4 lobed nucleus and light staining granules
Function: phagocytize (eat) & destroy bacteria
first cells to respond to infection
secrete antibacterial chemicals
~60% WBCs |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of a eosinophil? % of WBCs |
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Definition
[image]
Structure: 2 lobed nucleus and eosin-staining granules
Function: phagocytize allergen-Ab complexes
secrete antihistamine
attack parasites
~1-4% WBCs |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of a basophil? % of WBCs |
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Definition
[image]
Structure: 2 lobed nucleus and large granules stained dark purple
Function: releases histamine, creating inflammation in allergic reactions
<1% WBCs |
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Term
| What are agranulocytes? examples? |
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Definition
a white blood cell with a one-lobed nucleus without granules
(ex. lymphocytes, monocytes) |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of lymphocytes? |
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Definition
[image]
Structure: spherical, dark-staining nucleus
Function: T lymphocytes can directly attack foreign cells
B lymphocytes transform into plasma cells and secrete antibodies |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of monocytes? |
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Definition
[image]
Structure: horseshoe shaped nucleus, grey-blue stained cytoplasm
Function: become wandering macrophages after diapedesis |
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Term
| What are the origin and function of platelets? |
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Definition
Origin: fragments of megakaryocytes in bone marrow
Function: attracted to hemorrhage (plugs leaks, promotes constriction of blood vessel, triggers inflammation, initiates clotting reaction) |
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Term
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Definition
| production of blood cells and platelets (occurs in bone marrow) |
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Term
| What is sickle cell anemia? |
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Definition
-genetic condition
-blood is sickle shaped due to low oxygen levels |
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