Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs
What do they do? |
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Definition
Decrease or block the effects of sympathetic nerve stimulation, endogenous catecholamines, and adrenergic drugs
(trying to slow everything down) |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs
What are the Mechanisms of Action?? |
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Definition
may be selective (wrk on ONE receptor) or non-selective (work on ALL receptors)
Two Mechanisms:
can block Alpha1 or Beta receptors by adrenergic antagonists
stimulate presynaptic Alpha2 recptors with agonist drugs |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs: Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents (prevents norepinephrine from being released to decrease BP)
Alpha-2 Agonists |
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Definition
Inhibits release of norepinephrine in brain, decreases effects of sympathetic NS stimulation, leads to decreased BP
Clonidine (Catapres)-used most in children/ADHD, slows things down
Methyldopa-contraindication in liver disease |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs: Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents
Alpha-Adrenergic blocking drugs
what are indications for use? |
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Definition
Can be selective or nonselective
Indications for use:
Selective: HTN,BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy)
Non-Selective: HTN caused by excessive catecholamines and vascular disorders characterized by vasospasms
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs: Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents
Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs: SELECTIVE |
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Definition
Selective-blocks only alpha-1 receptors peripheral tissue, provides dilation of arterioles and veins, increased local blood flow, decreased BP, constriction of pupils, increased motility of GI tract |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs: Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents
Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs: NONSELECTIVE |
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Definition
Nonselective: blocks Alpha1 and Alpha2 receptors in addition to above effects also produces cardiac stimulation |
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Term
Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Blocking Agents: Alpha-Adrenergic blocking drugs
Contraindications for use? |
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Definition
Contraindications for use:
Angina pectoris
MI
HF
stroke |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs: Individual Alpha Blocking Drugs
Selective Alpha1-Blocking Drugs |
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Definition
Selective Alpha1- Blocking Drugs
doxazosin (Cardura)-HTN,BPH
prazosin (Minipress)-HTN,BPH
tamsulosin HCL (Flomax)-BPH(alpha1 receptor-relax smooth muscle) |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs: Individual Alpha Blocking Drugs
Nonselective Alpha1-Blocking Drugs
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Definition
Nonselective Alpha-Blocking Drugs
phentolamine-HTN due to pheochromocytoma or prevention of tissue necrosis from extravasation of vasoconstrictive drugs
(tumor in brain, release more norepinephrine-sympathetic)
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Term
Antiadrenergic Agents:
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents |
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Definition
| Occupy beta-adrenergic receptor sites and prevent the receptors from responding to sympathetic nerve impulses (slowing HR down), circulating catecholamines, and beta-adrenergic drugs |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Agents
2 Types of Beta-adrenergic receptors:
Beta-1
what does it do? |
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Definition
| Beta-1: cardiovascular system, blockage of receptor results in decreased HR, decreased force of myocardial contraction, slowed conduction through AV node, decreased CO and BP |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Agents
2 Types of Beta-adrenergic receptors:
Beta-2
what does it do? |
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Definition
| Beta-2: Respiratory tract, blockage provides bronchoconstriction esp. in ppl w/ asthma & chronic lung disease, decreases metabolism of glucose. Increased tone of smooth muscle in GI tract, urinary bladder, and uterus. |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Agents: Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
Indications for Use?
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Definition
Indications for use:
mainly used in cardiovascular disorders
HTN, Angina, MI, HF, tachydysrythmias |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Agents: Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
Contraindications for Use?
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Definition
Contraindications for Use:
bradycardia (<60 BPN), heart block, non-selective are contrainicated in asthma and any other condition characterized by bronchoconstriction |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs:
Individual Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
Selective Blocking Agents |
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Definition
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Metoprolol (Lopressor) |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs:
Individual Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
Non-Selective Blocking Agents |
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Definition
propanolol (Inderal)-prototype
timolol (Timoptic)-eye drops for glaucoma |
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Term
Antiadrenergic Drugs:
Individual Alpha-Beta-Blocking Agents
(Cardiovascular Effects) |
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Definition
carvedilol (Coreg)
labetalol (Trandate) |
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Term
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Definition
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