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Chapter 18
Conquest & Survival, 1860-1900
25
History
12th Grade
12/19/2005

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Term
Plains Indians
Definition
-influenced by Spanish and British traders
-adopted to changing conditions
-rode horses, shot guns
Term
Medicine Lodge Treaty
Definition
-1867
-assigned reservations in existing Indian Territories
-joined the Comanches, Plains, Kiowas, Cheyennes,and Arapahoes together with the Sioux, Shoshones, Bannocks, and Navajos
Term
Lakota Sioux
Definition
-Western Sioux
-loose confederation of bands scattered across the Great Plains
-one of the largest and most adaptive of all Indian nations
-followed buffalo herds
Term
Sand Creek
Definition
-100 Colorado volunteers attacked and slaughtered 105 Cheyenne women and children and 28 Cheyenne men
Term
Great Sioux War of 1865-1867
Definition
-Sioux fought US Army to a stalemate
-forced government to abandon its forts
-Sioux burned abondoned forts
-Sioux warrior "Red Cloud"
Term
Custer's Last Stand
Definition
-Custer and troops wiped out by Indians
-US Army tracked down Indians
-Indians forced to surrender
-reason for public excitement of people prejudice towards Indians
Term
Nez Perce
Definition
-Indians who got along peacefully with settlers until gold was found
-Forced to cede land
-US army fought and sent them to Oklahoma
Term
Hydraulic Mining
Definition
-Used Hydroelectricity
-Used water cannons to blast hillsides and expose gold deposits
-Drove rucklearth into rivers and canyons
Term
Utah Territory
Definition
-Morman settlements
-State of substantial rebellion
-US army occupied until they were forced into statehood
Term
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Definition
-Ended the Mexican American War
-Mexicans were given the decision to stay in the US or go back to Mexico
Term
Santa Fe Ring
Definition
-Group of Lawyers, politicians and land speculators stole land from mexican landholdings
Term
Homestead Act of 1862
Definition
-Any Eligible American citizen was given 160 acres of land given they improved it and stayed there for 5 years
Term
Morill Act of 1862
Definition
"Land Grant"-colleges aquired space for campuses in return for promising to insitute agrilcultural programs.
Term
Hatch Act of 1887
Definition
Created a series of experimental agrilcultural stations
Term
Timber Culture Act of 1873
Definition
Alloted homesteaders an additonal 160 acres of land in return for planting and cultivating forty acres of trees.
Term
Timber Culture Act of 1873
Definition
Alloted homesteaders an additonal 160 acres of land in return for planting and cultivating forty acres of trees.
Term
Forrest Management Act of 1897
Definition
Set the Federal Government on the path of large-scale regulatory activites.
Term
National Forest Service
Definition
Est. in 1905
Term
Yellowstone
Definition
First National Park
Term
Frederic Remington
Definition
most famous of all western painters. war correspondent. captured battle scenes.
Term
Helen Hunt Jackson
Definition
poet and author. saw expansion as violation of treaty obligations. worked for Indian rights. wrote about government mistreatment of Indians
Term
Dawes Severalty Act of 1887
Definition
allowed the president to distribute land not to tribes but to individuals. dismantled tribes.
Term
Ghost Dance
Definition
Indian dance which depicted judgement day for Americans
Term
Wounded Knee
Definition
Cavalry massacred Sioux after mistaken gunshot.
Term
United States vs. Reynolds
Definition
ruled against polygamy. granted freedom of belief but not practice.
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