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Chapter 17 Anatomical
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198
Anatomy
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04/14/2013

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Term
eye and ear
Definition
sense organs
Term
olfactory
Definition
centers of smell in the nose regions
Term
pupil
Definition
light rays enter the central dark opening of the eye
Term
iris
Definition
the colored portion of the eye
Term
conjuctiva
Definition
membrane lining the inner surfaces of the eyelids and anterior portion of the eyeball over the white of the eye
Term
cornea
Definition
light passes through this before entering the eye
fibrous, transparent tissue that extends like a dome over the pupil and iris
Term
refract
Definition
to bend the light
Term
sclera
Definition
the opaque white of the eye
Term
choroid
Definition
dark membrane inside the sclera
Term
ciliary body
Definition
on the anterior surface of the eye
Term
eye =
Definition
occipital
Term
ear =
Definition
temporal
Term
lens
Definition
ciliary body surrounds the outside of this in a circular fashion for 360 degrees
Term
flattening of the lens
Definition
for distant vision
Term
thickening of the lens
Definition
for close vision
Term
accommodation
Definition
making the lens thicker or flatter
Term
aqueous humor
Definition
constantly made and drained
fluid found in the anterior chamber of the eye
front part of the eye
Term
vitreous humor
Definition
soft jelly-like material
pertaining to glassy humor
Term
retina
Definition
the most important part of the eye
thin, delicare and sensitve neve layer of the eye
photorecptor cells
Term
rods and cones
Definition
sensitive receptor cell of the retina
Term
rods
Definition
function at reduced levels of light and are responsible for peripheral vision
Term
cones
Definition
three types, red, blue, or green
gives color to images seen
Term
optic nerve
Definition
chemical change occurs in the rods and cods, initiating nerve impulses that then travel from the eye to the brain
Term
optic disc
Definition
the region in the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina
blind spot on the eye
Term
macula
Definition
small, oval, yellowish area adjacent to the optic disc
Term
fovea centralis
Definition
central depression composed largely of cones and is the sharpest vision in the eye
Term
fundus
Definition
posterior, inner part that is visualized through the ophthalmoscope
Term
optic chiasm
Definition
nervous impulses then travel along optic nerve fibers from each retina and then merge to form
Term
optic tract
Definition
fibers from the half of each retina
Term
thalamus
Definition
relay center
Term
binocular vision
Definition
look at everything with both eyes-3D view
Term
hemianopsia
Definition
loss half of your vision in each eye
Term
biconvex
Definition
consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly, like part of a sphere
example is the lens
Term
blepharitis
Definition
inflammation of the eyelid
Term
blepharoptosis
Definition
condition of the eyelid
drooping eyelid
Term
conjunctivitis
Definition
inflammation of the cnjunctiva
commonly called pinkeye
Term
aniocoria
Definition
pertaining to unequal pupil
usually a brain problem
Term
corneal abrasion
Definition
pertaining to conrea abrasion
Term
cycloplegic
Definition
pertaining to ciliary body paralysis
accommodation will be lost
typically harder to see up close
Term
dacryoadenitis
dacryocystitis
Definition
inflammation of the tear glands
Term
iritis
Definition
inflammation of the iris
can be very serious
Term
iridic
Definition
pertaining to the iris
Term
iridectomy
Definition
removal of the iris
Term
aque/o
Definition
water
Term
blepar/o
Definition
eyelid
Term
conjuctiv/o
Definition
conjunctiva
Term
cor/o
pupil/o
Definition
pupil
Term
corne/o
kerat/o
Definition
cornea
Term
cycl/o
Definition
ciliary body or muscle of the eye
Term
dacry/o
lacrim/o
Definition
tears, tear duct
Term
ir/o
irid/o
Definition
iris (color portion of the eye around the pupil)
Term
keratitis
Definition
inflammation of the cornea
Term
lacrimal
Definition
pertaining to tears
Term
lacrimation
Definition
process of tears
Term
intraocular
Definition
pertaining to within the eye
Term
opthalmologist
Definition
specialist to study the eye
a medical doctor
Term
ophthalmic
Definition
pertaining to the eye
Term
ophthalmoplegia
Definition
paralysis of the eye
Term
optic
Definition
pertaining to eye, vision
Term
optometrist
Definition
specialist of eye vision
Term
optician
Definition
pertaining to eye, vision
makes the lenses
Term
palpebral
Definition
pertaining to the eyelid
Term
papiledema
Definition
swollen optic disc
Term
ICP
Definition
increased intercranial pressure
Term
phacoemulsification
Definition
process of making fragments lens of the eye
Term
aphakia
Definition
without lens of the eye condition
Term
pupilary
Definition
pertaining to the pupil
Term
ocul/o
ophthalm/o
Definition
eye
Term
opt/o
optic/o
Definition
eye, vision
Term
palpebr/o
Definition
eyelid
Term
papil/o
Definition
optic disc; nipple-like
Term
phac/o
phak/o
Definition
lens of the eye
Term
retinitis
Definition
inflammation of the retina
Term
retinitis pigmentosa
Definition
a genetic disorder that destroys retinal rods
Term
hypertensive retinopathy
Definition
hypertensive disease of the retina
Term
corneoscleral
Definition
pertaining to cornea and sclera
Term
scleritis
Definition
inflammation of the sclera
Term
uveitis
Definition
inflammation of the uvea
Term
amblyopia
Definition
dull vision
lazy eye
Term
diplopia
Definition
double vision
Term
glaucoma
Definition
gray mass
to much aqueous humor that will destroy the retina & result in permanent damage
Term
miosis
Definition
smaller condition of pupil
Term
mydriasis
Definition
abnormal condition of enlargement of pupil
Term
retin/o
Definition
retina
Term
scler/o
Definition
sclera (white of the eye); hard
Term
uve/o
Definition
uvea; vascular layer of the eye (iris, ciliary body, and choroid)
Term
vitre/o
Definition
glassy
Term
ambly/o
Definition
dull, dim
Term
dipl/o
Definition
double
Term
glauc/o
Definition
gray
Term
mi/o
Definition
smaller, less
Term
mydr/o
Definition
widen, enlarge
Term
nyctalopia
Definition
night vision blindness
Term
nyct/o
Definition
night
Term
phot/o
Definition
light
Term
photophobia
Definition
senstivity to light
Term
presby/o
Definition
old age
Term
presbyopia
Definition
vision condition of old age
bifocals
lose accommodation
Term
scot/o
Definition
darkness
Term
scotoma
Definition
darkness tumor
blind spot in the middle of vision
Term
xer/o
Definition
dry
Term
xerophthalmia
Definition
condition of dry eyes
Term
-opia
-opsia
Definition
vision
Term
hyperopia
Definition
above vision
Term
hemianopsia
Definition
half vision loss
Term
-tropia
Definition
to turn
Term
esotropia
Definition
to turn inward
Term
exotropia
Definition
an outward turning of the eye
Term
astigmatism
Definition
defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye
Term
hyperopia
Definition
farsightedness
too short
focus behind the retina
Term
myopia
Definition
nearsightedness
too long
focused in front of the retina
Term
cataract
Definition
clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision
Term
chalazion
Definition
small hard cystic mass (granuloma) on the eyelid
chronic inflammaion of the sebaceous (oil) glands
Term
I&D
Definition
incision and drainage
Term
diabetic retinopathy
Definition
retinal effects of diabetes melitus include microaneurysms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, and neovascularization (new blood vessels form in the retina)
Term
macular edema
Definition
occurs as fluid leaks from blood vessels into the retina and vision is blurred
Term
exudates
Definition
fluid leaking from the blood appear in the retina as yellow-white spots
Term
glaucoma
Definition
increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nrve with loss of vision
Term
tonometry
Definition
glaucoma is diagnosed by this test-with an instrument applied externally to the eye after administration of local anesthetic
Term
hordeolum
Definition
localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid
stye
Term
macular degeneration
Definition
progressive damage to the macula of the retina
AMD
'dry' and 'wet' form
one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly
Term
nystagmus
Definition
repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes
normal in newborns
brain problem
Term
retinal detachment
Definition
two layers of the retin seperate from each other (get to the ER fast)
scleral buckle fixes this
Term
photopsia
Definition
bright flashes of light
Term
floaters
Definition
black spots or filmy shapes
Term
strabismus
Definition
abnormal deviation of the eye
lazy eye
Term
fluorescein angiography
Definition
intravenous injection of dye followed by serial photographs of the retina through dilated pupils
Term
ophthalmoscopy
fundoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the interior of the eye
Term
slit lamp microscopy
Definition
exminaton of anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification
Term
visual activity test
Definition
clarity of vision is assesed
snellen chart at 20 feet
Term
20/200
Definition
a patient can see what a "healthy eye" sees at 200 feet
Term
visual field test
Definition
measurement of the area (peripheral and certral) within which objects are seen when the eyes are fixed, looking straight ahead without movement of the head
Term
enucleation
Definition
removal of the entire eyeball
caused by tumors or trauma
Term
keratoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the cornea
Term
laser photocoagulation
Definition
intense, precisely focused light beam creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels
Term
LASIK
Definition
used to correct errors of refraction
Term
phacoemulsification
Definition
typical sugery for cataract removal
Term
scleral buckle
Definition
suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina
Term
vitrectomy
Definition
removal of the vitreous humor and replaced with an oily solution
Term
AMD
Definition
age-related macular degeneration
Term
HEENT
Definition
head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
Term
IOL
Definition
intraocular lens
Term
IOP
Definition
intraocular pressure
Term
OD
Definition
right eye
Term
OS
Definition
left eye
Term
OU
Definition
both eyes
Term
PERRLA
Definition
pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accomodation
Term
VA
Definition
visual activity
Term
VF
Definition
visual field
Term
EOM
Definition
extraocular muscles or movement
Term
tragus
Definition
outer ear
Term
pinna
auricle
Definition
sound waves enter here
Term
external auditory meatus (auditory canal) (ERC)
Definition
leads from the pinna and is lined with numerous glands
Term
cerumen
Definition
wax
Term
tympanic membrane
Definition
eardrum
Term
ossicles
Definition
three small bones
Term
malleus
Definition
hammer
Term
incus
Definition
anvil
Term
stapes
Definition
stirrup
Term
oval window
Definition
separates the middle from the inner ear
Term
auditory or eustachian tube
Definition
canal leading from the middle ear to the pharanx
Term
T&A
Definition
tonsilectomy and adenoidectomy
Term
cochlea
Definition
hearing organ
Term
organ of Corti
Definition
most important in the cochlea
Term
perilymph and endolymph
Definition
cochlea contains special auditory liquids
Term
labyrinth
Definition
inner ear
Term
auditory nerve fiers
Definition
auditory venter of the cerebral cortex where impulses are interpreted and "heard"
Term
vestibule
Definition
connects the cochlea to the semicircular canals
Term
semicircular canals
Definition
contain fluid, endolymph, as well as senstive hair cells
Term
acous/o
audit/o
-acusis
-cusis
Definition
hearing
Term
audi/o
Definition
hearing; the sense of hearing
Term
aur/o
auricul/o
ot/o
Definition
ear
Term
cochle/o
Definition
cochlea
Term
mastoid/o
Definition
mastoid process
Term
myring/o
tympan/o
Definition
eardrum, tympanic membrane
Term
ossicul/o
Definition
ossicle
Term
salping/o
Definition
eustachian tube, auditory tube
Term
staped/o
Definition
stapes (third bone of the middle ear)
Term
vestibul/o
Definition
vestibule
Term
-meter
Definition
instrument to measure
Term
-otia
Definition
ear condition
Term
acoustic neuroma
Definition
benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve in the brain
Term
tinnitus
Definition
ringing in the ears
Term
cholesteatoma
Definition
collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear
Term
meniere disease
Definition
disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear
Term
otitis media
Definition
inflammation of the middle ear
Term
audiometry
Definition
testing the sense of hearing
Term
cochlear implant procedure
Definition
surgical insertion of a device that allows sensorineural hearing
Term
tuning fork test
Definition
test of the ear conduction using a vibration source (tuning fork)
Term
Rinne test
Weber test
Definition
2 tests for tuning fork
Term
AD
Definition
right ear
Term
AOM
Definition
acute otitis media
Term
AS
Definition
left ear
Term
EENT
Definition
eyes ears nose throat
Term
ENT
Definition
ears nose throat
Term
HEENT
Definition
head eyes ears nose and throat
Term
PE tube
Definition
pressure equalizing tube
Term
SOM
Definition
serous otitis media-fluid
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