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Chapter 17
Study guide
29
Environmental Studies
9th Grade
02/07/2013

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Cards

Term
What produces a variety of weather?
Definition
Combination of earth's motions and energy from the sun
Term
what climate based on? pg.476
Definition
climate is based on observation of weather that have been collected over many years. climate helps describe a place or region.
Term
what is air a mixture of? pg.477
Definition
air is a mixture of different gases and particles each with its own physical properties. the composition of air varies from time to time and place to place.
Term
what two gases make up 99 percent of a dry air? pg.477
Definition
Nitrogen and oxygen make up 99 percent of the volume of clean, dry air.
Term
what gas play a significant role in heating the atmosphere?
Definition
carbon dioxide is an active absorbed of energy of energy given off by earth.
Term
what is the source of all clouds and precipitation?
Definition
Water vapor is the source of all clouds and precipitation.
Term
what are some particles that remain suspended for long periods of time?
Definition
sea salts from breaking waves, fine solid blown into the air, smoke and soot from fire, pollen & microorganisms lifted by the wind.
Term
when do oxygen atoms split into single atoms of oxygen?
Definition
they split when they absorb ultraviolet radiation emitted
Term
what does the ozone absorb?
Definition
ozone absorb harmful UV radiation from the sun.
Term
what accounts for nearby half the primary pollutants by weight?
Definition
emission from transportation vehicles.
Term
what are secondary pollutants?
Definition
they are not emitted directly into the air.
Term
what are photo chemical reactions?
Definition
reaction triggered by strong sunlight.
Term
what is atmospheric pressure?
Definition
atmospheric pressure is simply the weight of the air above.
Term
how many layer is in the atmosphere divide into.
Definition
4
Term
in what layer do most weather phenomena occurs?
Definition
troposphere
Term
where does most energy that drives weather and climate come from?
Definition
sun
Term
what creates wind and drives the ocean's currents?
Definition
it is the unequal heating of earth that creates wind and drives the ocean currents.
Term
what is rotation?
Definition
rotation is the spinning of earth about its axis.
Term
what is revolution?
Definition
revolution is the movement of earth in it orbit around the sun.
Term
what are the degrees the earth is tilted?
Definition
23.5 degrees
Term
what is the length of daylight determined by?
Definition
it is determined by earth's position in orbit.
Term
what can radiant energy travel through?
Definition
radiant energy can travel through the vacuum of space.
Term
do hot or cold objects radiant more energy?
Definition
hotter objects radiate more total energy per unit area than colder objects do.
Term
what is reflection?
Definition
reflection occurs when light bounce off an objects.
Term
does land or water heat to higher temperature faster?
Definition
land heats more rapidly and to higher temperature than water.
Term
what is the coast called in which winds blow from the ocean onto the shore?
Definition
windward coast
Term
what is albedo?
Definition
albedo is the fraction of the total radiation that is reflected by any surface.
Term
What does the extent of cloud cover influence?
Definition
by reducing the amount of incoming solar radiation, the maximum temperatures on a cloud.
Term
what type of lines connects points of the same temperature?
Definition
Isotherms
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