Pacific Railway Acts

   In 1862 & 1864 Federal government gave railroad companies loans and land grants that were sold for construction.

Homestead Act

Offered any U.S. Citizen who was willing to live in the west on the land for 5 years 160 acres of land.

Cattle Kingdom

Treat of Fort Laramie

First treaty between the U.S. Government and the Plain Indians, wasn't effective because they had to negotiate new treaties, it also recognized indian claims on the Great Plains.

Populism

Lasted 4 years in The Panic of 1893, it led more people to back the Populist call for economic reform. Beleived that the Government should own and regulate companies, railroads, telegraph systems, and telephone systems.

Populist Party

Wanted to limit immigration people believed they were taking over American jobs. To gain more votes they backed the 8 hour work days and limits on immigration.

Texas Longhorn

They survived desert like dry weather well, spreaded quickly throughout Western Texas.

Morrill Act

Granted more than 17 million acres of Fedral land to the states. Required states to sell the land for agriculture, engeneering, and to build colleges.

Navajo in 1863

They ran out of food and shelter so they surrendered to the U.S. Army, forced on the Longwalk a 300 mile march to the reservation Bosque Redono, New Mexico.

Creation of Reservations

Due to American settlers, The Treaty of Medicine Lodge was most important because the Southern Plain Indians agreed to live on Reservations.

Golden Spike

May 10, 1869 this was used to connect the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific tracks in Promontory ,Utah completing the Transcontinental Railroad.

Black Hills

Lakota Sioux lived here, in the Dakota Territory,  there was gold discoverd and the U.S. troops demanded the land, Sitting Bull the leader of the Sioux protest against their demands.

George Armstrong Custer

Dakota's expedition claimed gold  in the Black hills of the Dakota Territory, Sitting Bull did not trust him because he believes that they have never broken any promises with the whites.

Dawes General Allotment Act

In 1887 this tried to lessen traditional influences on Indian society, reflected the way that the indians refered to the white people. Made land ownership private rather than shared.

 Oklahoma Land Rush

1889 , Homesteaders could file claims, land belonged to the seminole Indians. 50,000 people rushed to get land which was over 11 million acres.

Exodusters

1879, About 20,000-40,000 Southern African Americans made a massage departure from the south, moving to Kansas.

Why did people in the west want the Government to regulate railroads?

 Fares were getting expensive and they didnt want to get into a monopoly.

Pacific Railroad Acts

Federal Govrnment created this , it gave railroad companies huge land grants that could be sold to pay for constructon costs.

Treaty of Medicine Lodge

1867 most Plain Indians agreed to live on reservations fighting brokeout between the Comanche and Texans because the Comanche didn't want to give up their hunting grounds.

Massacre at Wounded Knee

 Reservation police killed Sitting bull, Lakota left reservation in protest, U.S. Army killed 150 Lakota Sioux near wounded Knee Creek in S. Dakota last major incedent on the Great Plains.

Battle of Little Bighorn

Custer and his troops found evidence of Lakota by Montana Territory, cheyyenne had joined with the Lakota for summer encampments. 264 of Custers soldiers were surrounded by sioux forces by CrazyHorse and killed Custer and his troops.

National Grange

 Orginization found by Kelly in 1866, went to the south and expirenced their difficulties. Fought for Educational and Social change for farmers.