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Chapter 16
Study cards for LIFE 102 at CSU
13
Biology
Undergraduate 1
04/16/2015

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Term
X-Ray Crystallography
Definition
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin used it to study molecular structure of DNA
Term
Base Pairs
Definition
Adenine (A) and thymine (T)
Guanine (G) and cytosine (C)
Term
Origins of Replication
Definition
Where replication begins
Where two DNA strands are separated, opening up a replication bubble
Term
Replication Fork
Definition
V-shaped region where new DNA strands are elongated
Term
Helicases
Definition
Enzymes that untwist the double helix
Term
Topoisomerase
Definition
Corrects "over winding" ahead of replication fork
Breaks, swivels and rejoins DNA strands
Term
RNA Primer
Definition
The initial nucleotide stand
Term
Primase
Definition
Starts an RNA chain, and adds RNA nucleotides one at a time, using DNA as template
Term
DNA Polymerase
Definition
Catalyzes the elongation of the new DNA at a replication fork
Only adds to the 3' end
Term
Nuleoside Triphosphate
Definition
The nucleotide that is added to a growing DNA strand
Term
Lagging Strand
Definition
The other new strand, 5' side of the leading strand
Term
DNA Ligase
Definition
Joins lagging strand to leading strand
Term
Okazaki Fragments
Definition
Short DNA formed on the lagging strand
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