Term
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Definition
divided into
Respiratory zone: site of gas exchange
Conduction zone: gets air to the respiratory zone |
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Term
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Definition
| Ventilation and gas exchange in lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Oxygen utilization and gas exchange in tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| 95−97% total surface area where gas exchange occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete pulmonary surfactant and reabsorb sodium and water, preventing fluid buildup |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains the heart, trachea, esophagus, and thymus within the central mediastinum |
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Term
| important physical property of lungs |
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Definition
| Compliance, elasticity, and surface tension |
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Term
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Definition
| air moves from higher to lower pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure of air outside the body |
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Term
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Definition
| pressure within the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| pressure of air between the parietal and viceral area |
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Term
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Definition
intrapulmonary pressure is lower than atmospheric presuure
this is why air presure moves in
diaphragm and intercostals contract |
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Term
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Definition
| Intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| lungs have lots of elastin fibers, can be easily streched |
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Term
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Definition
| produced by type 2 alveolar cells. helps prevent collapse by reducing surface tension |
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Term
| respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). |
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Definition
| premature babies are at risk for this, because lungs form very late in fetal development |
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Term
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Definition
most important in respiratory
contracts in inspiration
relaxes in expiration |
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Term
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Definition
Subject breathes into and out of a device that records volume and frequency of air movement
measures lung volume and capacity |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of air expired or inspired in quiet breathing |
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Term
| expiratory reserve volume |
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Definition
| amount of air forced out after tidal volume |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of air that can be foreced in after tidal volume |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of air left in lungs after maximum expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum amount of air that can be forefully exhaled after a maximum inhalation |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of gas in the lungs after a maximum inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of gas that can be inspired after a normal expiration |
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Term
| Functional residual capacity |
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Definition
| amount of gas left in lungs after a normal expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by shorness of breathing (dyspnea) and wheezing |
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Term
| chronic obstructive pumonary disease COPD |
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Definition
narrowing of the airways and alveolar destruction
-includes emhysema and chronic obstructive bronchiolitis |
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Term
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Definition
smoking is the most common cause
reduces surface area for gas exchange
bronchiles collapse during expiration
destruction of alveoli |
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Term
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Definition
Some people accumulate fibrous tissues in the lungs when alveoli are damaged.
found in coal miners, due to accumulation of particles in lungs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| from respiratory control centers of the medulla oblongata and pons |
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Term
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Definition
| Automatic control of breathing is influenced by feedback from chemoreceptors, which monitor pH of fluids in the brain and pH |
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Term
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Definition
| most of the oxygen in the blood is bound to hemoglobin |
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Term
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Definition
| below normal concentrations of hemoglobin |
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Term
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Definition
| above-normal hemoglobin levels; may occur due to high altitudes |
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Term
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Definition
important buffer,
kidneys help by releasing H+ in the urine |
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Term
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Definition
important buffer,
kidneys help by releasing H+ in the urine |
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