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Chapter 16 Vocab Review
Covers ALL vocab from the chapter
31
Chemistry
8th Grade
04/21/2008

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Term
Atomic Mass
Definition
The average mass of one atom of an element.
Term
Atomic Number
Definition
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Term
Atomic Mass Unit
Definition
This is used to measure the mass of particles in atoms.
Term
Chemical Symbol
Definition
a one or two letter representation of an element
Term
Electron
Definition
a tiney, negatively charged, high energy particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom.
Term
Family
Definition
Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table
Term
Group
Definition
Elements in the same vertical column in the periodic table
Term
Nucleus
Definition
the central core of an atom containing protons and usually neutrons
Term
Neutron
Definition
Small, uncharged particles in the nucleus of an atom
Term
Period
Definition

elements in the same horizontal column of the periodic table

Term
Periodic Table
Definition
a chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties
Term
Proton
Definition
small, positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom
Term
Valence Electron
Definition
the electrons farthest away from the nucleus of an atom and are involved in chemical reactions
Term
Actinide
Definition
a group of elements in the second row of the rare earth elements in the periodic table
Term
Alkali Metal
Definition
an element in group 1 of the periodic table, EXTREMELY reactive
Term
Alkaline Earth Metal
Definition
an element in group 2 of the peiodic table, very reactive
Term
Alloy
Definition
a mixture of two or more metals; a substance made of two or more elements that has the properties of a metal
Term
Conductor
Definition
a substance through which electrons move freely, transmitting heat or electricity
Term
Corrosion
Definition
the gradual wearing away of a metal element due to a chemical reaction
Term
Ductile
Definition
a term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire
Term
Lanthanide
Definition
a group of elements in the first row of the rare earth elements in the periodic table
Term
Magnetic
Definition
 a characteristic of those metals that are attracted to magnets and can be made into magnets
Term
Malleable
Definition
A term used to describe material that can be hammered or rolled into shape
Term
Reactivity
Definition
the ease and speed with which and element or compund combines with other elements and compounds
Term
Transition Metal
Definition
an element in groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table; difficult to tell the difference between them
Term
Diatomic Molecule
Definition
a molecule composed of two atoms
Term
Halogen Family
Definition
the elements in group 17 of the periodic table
Term
Metalloid
Definition
an element that has the same characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals
Term
Noble gas
Definition
an element in group 18 of the periodic table
Term
Nonmetal
Definition
an element that lacks most of the properties of metals
Term
Semiconductor
Definition
an element that can conduct electricity under some circumstances
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