Term
| ANS: System of MOTOR neurons that innervate |
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Definition
| Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands. |
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Term
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Definition
| Visceral functions (heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, urination) |
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Term
| ANS is under the... of the PNS |
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Definition
| General visceral motor division |
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Term
| Most peripheral nerves serve the .... |
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Definition
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Term
| Peripheral nerves that serve the somatic system |
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Definition
| All mixed cranial nerves, all spinal nerves. |
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Term
| Some peripheral nerves serve the ... and .... |
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Definition
| Autonomic and somatic system |
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Term
| Which peripheral nerves severs the autonomic and somatic systems? |
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Definition
| Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X; thoracic lumbar, and sacral spinal nerves. (NOT cervical) |
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Term
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Definition
| Two motor neurons are involved with an autonomic ganglion. |
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Term
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Definition
| One motor neuron runs from CNS to innervated muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chain of TWO motor neurons (pre and post ganglionic) |
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Term
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Definition
| Single motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates. |
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Term
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Definition
Pre-ganglionic: thin, lightly myelinated
Post-ganglionic: thinner, unmyelinated |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Excitatory or inhibitory effect |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ACh or norepinephrine; receptors are scattered throughout organ. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Targets can function without neural input; there is a basic level of activity (ANS regulates it (up or down)) |
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Term
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Definition
| Action is dependent on motor nerves (denervation causes paralysis, no muscle tone) |
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Term
| There are two divisions of the ANS |
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Definition
| Sympathetic, parasympathetic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (thoracolumbar) |
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Term
| Parasympathetic: CNS origin |
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Definition
| Cranial nerves and sacral spinal nerves (craniosacral) |
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Term
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Definition
| Fight or flight (active functions-exercise) |
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Term
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Definition
| Housekeeping (resting functions-digestion) |
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Term
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Definition
Pre-ganglionic- short
Post-ganglionic- long |
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Term
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Definition
Pre-ganglionic: Long
Post-ganglionic: Short |
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Term
| S: Location of pre-post synapse |
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Definition
| Proximal (near spinal cord) |
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Term
| P: Location of pre-post synapse |
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Definition
| Distal (near target organ) |
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Term
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Definition
Pre-ganglionic: ACh
Post-ganglionic: NE |
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Term
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Definition
Pre-ganglionic: ACh
Post-ganglionic: ACh |
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Term
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Definition
| More general activation, all at once. |
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Term
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Definition
| More selective activation of specific targets. |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Division: Cranial outflow nerves |
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Definition
| Oculomotor (III), Facial (VII), Glossopharyngeal (IX), Vagus (X) |
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Term
| PD: Cranial outflow: Oculomotor |
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Definition
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Term
| PD: Cranial outflow: Facial |
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Definition
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Submandibular ganglion |
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Term
| PD: Cranial outflow: Glossopharyngeal |
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Definition
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Term
| PD: Cranial outflow: Vagus |
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Definition
| Cardiac, pulmonary, esophageal, celiac, superior mesenteric plexuses |
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Term
| PD: Sacral Outflow: Pelvic Splanchnic nn |
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Definition
| Inferior hypogastric plexus |
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Term
| SD: Sympathetic Trunk Ganglion overview |
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Definition
| 1 per spinal nerve, except in cervical region |
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Term
| SD: Sympathetic Trunk Ganglion Cervical region ganglion areas |
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Definition
| Superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglion |
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Term
| SD: Collateral Ganglia physical characteristic |
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Definition
| Not paired or segmentally ranged |
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Term
| SD: Collateral Ganglia location |
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Definition
| Only in abdomen and pelvis, lie anterior to vertebral column |
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Term
| SD: Collateral Ganglia ganglion composition names |
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Definition
| Celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric, inferior hypogastric ganglion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dilates bronchioles, decreases mucous in airways, deeper breaths |
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Term
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Definition
| Constricts bronchioles, increases mucous in airways, shallower breaths |
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Term
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Definition
| Increases HR, increases muscle contraction strength, vasoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreases HR, decreases muscle contraction strength |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreases saliva, thickens secretion, decreases GI tract motility |
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Term
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Definition
| Increases saliva, thins secretion, increases GI tract motility |
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Term
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Definition
| Increases sweat secretion (esp. eccrine) |
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Term
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Definition
| NO parasympathetic innervation to sweat glands |
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Term
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Definition
Releases fuel (catabolic)
Ex: glycogenolysis |
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Term
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Definition
Stores fuel (anabolic)
Ex: glycogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Adrenal Medulla: Location |
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Definition
| Located on superior side of kidney |
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Term
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Definition
Cortex= outer portion
Medulla= inner portion (sympathetic ganglion) |
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Term
| Adrenal Medulla is controlled by... |
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Definition
| The sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
| Adrenal Medulla: Neuron composition |
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Definition
| Pre-ganglionic neurons from thoracic spinal nerves; NO post-ganglionic neurons to target organ. |
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Term
| Adrenal Medulla: Secretion |
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Definition
| Epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (catecholamines) |
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Term
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Definition
| All sympathetic target organs |
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Term
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Definition
| Reinforces sympathetic mass activation, hormonal effects lasts 10 times longer |
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Term
| Adrenal Medulla: Specific effects |
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Definition
| Increase HR, dilate coronary vessels, increase mental alertness, increase respiratory rate, increase metabolic rate. |
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Term
| Visceral Sensory Neurons: General visceral neurons: Function and type |
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Definition
| Stretch, temperature, chemicals, irritation; most are free nerve endings. |
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Term
| Visceral Sensory Neurons: Referred pain |
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Definition
| Difficulty pinpointing signals, People often perceive that pain is coming from somatic areas like the skin or outer body (heart attack and arm pain) |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain stem and spinal cord, hypothalamus, Amygdala (part of limbic system), Cerebral cortex. |
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Term
| Control of ANS: Brain stem and spinal cord |
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Definition
| Reticular formation-most direct influence |
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Term
| Control of ANS: Hypothalamus |
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Definition
| Main integration center of ANS-directs parasympathetic and sympathetic activities. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates sympathetic activity-fear |
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Term
| Control of ANS: Cerebral Cortex |
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Definition
| Can overcome responses with relaxation |
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Term
| Autonomic Dysreflexia (mass reflex reaction): Mechanism |
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Definition
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Term
| Autonomic Dysreflexia (mass reflex reaction): What happens |
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Definition
| Uncontrolled activation of ANS motor neurons |
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Term
| Autonomic Dysreflexia (mass reflex reaction): Who it affects |
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Definition
| People with spinal cord injuries above T6 level. |
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Term
| Autonomic Dysreflexia (mass reflex reaction): Initial triggers causes... |
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Definition
| Mass activity of reflexes- body spasms, colon and bladder empty, sweating, and high blood pressure. |
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Term
| Autonomic Dysreflexia (mass reflex reaction): Injury explained |
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Definition
| When cord injury first happens there are no reflexes, but they return later and are exaggerated due to lack of inhibitory input from brain. |
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