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Chapter 15
Respiratory Drugs
29
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
04/20/2013

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Term
What is asthma?
Definition
inflammation of the airway and construction of the bronchioles
Term
What does asthma cause/make it hard to do?
Definition
-more difficult to move air through lungs
-decreased air flow
-increased CO2 levels(drcrease in blood pH)
Term
What is asthma in response to?
Definition
-allergens
-emotional stimulus
-exercise
-etc
Term
What are some symptoms of asthma?
Definition
wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, etc.
Term
Do inhaled medications have systemic effects? Many drug interactions?
Definition
no
Term
What are some fast-acting treatments for asthma?
Definition
-inhaled selective b2 agonists
-inhaled anticholinergic
-systemic corticosteriods
Term
What are 2 examples of an inhaled b-2 agonists used to treat asthma?
Definition
-albuterol(ProAir, Proventil, Ventolin)
-terbutaline(Brethine)
Term
What is an inhaled anticholinergic used for fast-acting asthma relief?
Definition
tiotropium bromide (Spiriva)
Term
What is a systemic corticosteriod used for fast acting asthma treatment? How is it usually given to children?
Definition
prednisone, given to children as a liquid
Term
What do long term treatments of asthma prevent compared to fast acting?
Definition
fast acting-prevent bronchospasm
long term- prevent inflammation
Term
What is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long term asthma treatment?
Definition
fluticasone(Flovent)
Term
Which inhaled selective b-2agonist is used for long term asthma treatment?
Definition
-salmeterol(Serevent)
Term
What is Symbicort?
Definition
-inhaled combination for long term asthma relief
-budesonide+salmeterol
Term
What is Asvair/Asvair Diskus?
Definition
-inhaled combination for long term asthma treatment
-fluticasone+salmeterol
Term
What is Combivent?
Definition
-inhaled long term asthma treatment
-albuterol+ipratropium
Term
What is a leukitriene modifier used for? Example?
Definition
-used for long term asthma prevention
-monteleukast(Singulair)
Term
What can inhaled corticosteriods increase the risk of?
Definition
mucocutaneous fungal infections
Term
What can be done to prevent this?
Definition
have pt brush after using inhaler
Term
What is COPD? What is it usually caused by?
Definition
-collapse of the alveoli that makes breathing very difficult
-chronic bronchitis or emphysema
Term
What is used to treat COPD?
Definition
tiotropium bromide(Spiriva)
Term
What may Spiriva be combined with for COPD treatment?
Definition
b-2 agonists or corticosteroids(does not help with emphysema), depends on the severity of disease
Term
What is rhinitis?
Definition
inflammation of the nasal mucosa
Term
What are the two types of rhinitis?
Definition
-viral rhinitis
-allergic rhinitis
Term
What is viral rhinitis? Is it contagious?
Definition
-common cold
-yes
Term
What s allergic rhinitis? Is it contagious?
Definition
-due to allergens
-no
Term
What are three treatments for rhinitis?
Definition
-antihistamines
-nasal decongestants
-intranasal corticosteroids
Term
What are examples of antihistamines that treat rhinitis? (4)
Definition
-diphenhydramine(Beandryl)
-cetrizine(Zyrtec)
-fexofenadine(Allegra)
-loratidine(Clairitin)
Term
What is an example of a nasal decongestant that treats rhinitis?
Definition
-pseudoephedrine(Sudafed)
Term
What are 2 intranasal corticosteroids used to treat rhinitis?
Definition
-flucasone(Flonase)
-mometasone(Nasonex)
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