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Chapter 15
Vocabulary
14
Social Studies
12th Grade
12/11/2012

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Term
bureaucracy
Definition
a large, complex organization composed of appointed officials
Term
government by proxy
Definition
Washington pays state & local governments & private groups to staff & administer federal programs
Term
laissez-faire
Definition
an economic theory that government should not regulate or interfere with commerce
Term
discretionary authority
Definition
the extent to which appointed bureaucrats can choose courses of action & make policies that are not spelled out in advance by laws
Term
competitive service
Definition
the government offices to which people are appointed on the basis of merit, as ascertained by a written exam or by a written exam or by applying certain selection criteria
Term
name-request job
Definition
a job that is filled by a person whom an agency has already identified
Term
iron triangle
Definition
a close relationship between an agency, a congressional committee, & an interest group
Term
issue network
Definition
a network of people in Washington, D.C.-based interest groups, on congressional staffs, in universities & think tanks, & in the mass media, who regularly discuss & advocate public policies
Term
authorization legislation
Definition
legislative permission to begin or continue a government program or agency
Term
appropriation
Definition
a legislative grant of money to finance a government program or agency
Term
trust funds
Definition
funds for government programs that are collected & spent outside the regular government budget
Term
committee clearance
Definition
the ability of a congressional committee to review & approve certain agency decisions in advance & without passing a law
Term
legislative veto
Definition
the authority of Congress to block a presidential action after it has taken place; the Supreme Court has held that Congree does not have this power
Term
red tape
Definition
complex bureaucratic rules & procedures that must be followed to get something done
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