Term
| two types of defense mechanisms |
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Definition
innate-nonspecific
adaptive- specific
overlap can occur between the two |
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Term
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Definition
inheirited
serves as the first line of defense against pathogens
(ex:stomach acid, fever, cells that engulf invaders) |
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Term
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Definition
integrates innate and adaptive immunity
becomes activated when antibodies bind to antigens
promote phagocytosis, lysis, and inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
neutrophills
and mononuclear phagocytic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| first to arrive at the site of infection |
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Term
| mononuclear phagocytic cells |
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Definition
consists of
monocytes -in the blood
and
macrophages-in the tissues |
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Term
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Definition
pathogen becomes engulfed by psudopods
vacuole with pathogen fuses with lysosome
pathogen becomes digested |
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Term
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Definition
sets the body temperature higher, fever sets in
regulated by the hypothalamus
produced as cytokine by leukocytes |
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Term
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Definition
3 types
alpha beta and gamma
antiviral polypeptides produced by infected cells |
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Term
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Definition
aquired immunity built over time
mediated by antibodies and antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| cell surface molecules that stimulate the production of specific antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
tests that uses specific antibodies to identify specific antigens
used to test for blood type and pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| thymus spleen and lymph nodes, derived from stem cells in the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| thymus, then go to blood, attack cells that seed fungal infections, virus, and cancer. dont produce antibodies. |
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Term
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Definition
come directly from the bone marrow, combat bacterial and some viral infections
secrete antibodies,humoral immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| produce warmth swelling and pain and recruit more leukocytes |
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Term
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Definition
exposure to a specific antigen initiates b lymphocyte response
some become memory cells become plasma cells and produce up to 2000 antibodies/second |
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Term
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Definition
also known as immunoglobulins
IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE |
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Term
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Definition
| destroy body cells that harbor foreign antigens |
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Term
| cytotoxic t cells destroy other cells by |
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Definition
secreting perforins to make a pore in the cells
secreting granzymes to make cell undergo apoptosis |
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Term
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Definition
| improve b cells ability to become plasma cells and improve the ability of cytotoxic t cells to kill targets |
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Term
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Definition
cytokines specific to lymphocytes
stimulate be cell or cytotoxic t cell activity |
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Term
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Definition
| originate in the bone marrow and migrate to most tissues, engulf antigens, and partially digest them |
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Term
| histocombatability antigens |
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Definition
| on the surface of all blood cells EXCEPT mature RBC's |
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Term
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Definition
class 1- all blood cells except mature rbc's (helper t lymphocytes)
class 2- made by antigen presenting cells and b cells (cytotoxic t cells) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| macrophage colony stimulating factor |
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Term
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Definition
| interleukin 2....tumor necrosis factor |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal clonal cells that dedifferentiate to an embryonic state |
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Term
| tumor cells and lymphocytes |
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Definition
| Lymphocytes provide immunological surveillance against cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| do not have the ability to recognize specific antigens part of innate immunity must be activated by cytokines and dendritic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| produced by failure of immune cells to tolerate self antigens |
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