Term
| How can you account for the high surface tension and low vapor pressure of water? |
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Definition
| many unique and important properties of water-including its high surface tension and low vapor pressure-result from hydrogen bonding. |
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Term
| How would you describe the structure of ice? |
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Definition
| the structure of ice is a regular open framework of water molecules arranged like a honeycomb. |
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Term
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Definition
| the inward force, or pull, that tends to minimize the surface area of a liquid. |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance that interferes with the hydrogen bonding between water molecules and thereby reduces surface tension. |
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Term
| What is the difference between a solvent and a solute? |
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Definition
| a solvent dissolves the solute. The solute becomes dispersed in the solvent. |
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Term
| What happens in the solution process? |
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Definition
| as individual solute ions break away from the crystal, the negatively and positively charged ions become surrounded by solvent molecules and the ionic crystal dissolves. |
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Term
| Why are all ionic compounds electrolytes? |
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Definition
| all ionic compounds are electrolytes because they dissociate into ions. |
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Term
| How do you write the formula for a hydrate? |
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Definition
| in writing the formula of a hydrate, use a dot to connect the formula of the compound and the number of water molecules per formula unit. |
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Term
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Definition
| water that contains dissolved substances. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| the process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid become surrounded by solvent molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| a compound that conducts an electric current when it is in an aqueous solution or in the molten state. |
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Term
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Definition
| a compound that does not conduct an electric current in either aqueous solution or the molten state. |
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Term
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Definition
| a solution in which a large portion of the solute exists as ions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a solution that conducts electricity poorly because only a fraction of the solute exists as ions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a compound that contains water of hydration. |
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Term
| What is the difference between a suspension and a solution? |
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Definition
| a suspension differs from a solution because the particles of a suspension are much larger and do not stay suspended indefinitely. |
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Term
| What distinguishes a colloid from a suspension and a solution? |
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Definition
| colloids have particles smaller than those in suspension and larger than those in solutions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a mixture from which particles settle out upon standing. |
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Term
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Definition
| a heterogeneous mixture containing particles that range in size from 1nm to 1000nm. |
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Term
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Definition
| the scattering of visible light by colloidal particles |
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Term
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Definition
| the chaotic movement of colloidal particles, which was first observed by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown (1773-1858). Caused by collisions of the molecules of the dispersion medium with the small, dispersed colloidal particles. |
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Term
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Definition
| a colloidal dispersion of a liquid in a liquid. |
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