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Chapter 15 Vocab
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19
Biology
10th Grade
12/16/2010

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Term
evolution
Definition
the development of new types of organisms from preexisting types of organisms over time
Term
strata
Definition
rock layers
Term
natural selection
Definition
mechanism for descent with modification
Term
fitness
Definition
measure of an individuals hereditary contribution to the next generation
Term
fossil
Definition
the remains of an organism that died long ago
Term
suporposition
Definition
if the rock strata at a location have not been disturbed the lowest stratum was formed before the strata above it
Term
relative age
Definition
its age compared to that of other fossils
Term
absolute age
Definition
time since formation
Term
Biogeography
Definition
study of the location of organisms around the world
Term
homologous structures
Definition
anatomical structures that occur in different species and that originated by heredity from a structure in the most recent common ancestor of the species
Term
analogous structures
Definition
closely related functions but do not derive from the same ancestral structure
Term
vestigial structures
Definition
serve no fuctions but that resemble structures with functional roles in related organisms
Term
phylogeny
Definition
the relationships by ancestory among groups of organisms
Term
convergent evolution
Definition
the process by which different species evolve similar traits
Term
divergent evolution
Definition
when the descendants of a single ancestor diversity into specis that each fit different parts of the environment
Term
Adaptive Radiation
Definition
pattern of divergence
Term
Artifial Selection
Definition
when a human breeder chooses individuals that will parent the next generation
Term
coevolution
Definition
when 2 or more species have evolved adaptations to each pothers influences the situation
Term
adaptation
Definition
a trait that makes an organism succesful in its environment
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