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Chapter 14 Vocabulary
Language and Communication
25
Anthropology
Undergraduate 1
09/30/2013

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Term
Language
Definition
primary means of human communication, spoken and written
Term
Call Systems
Definition
communication systems of nonhuman primates
Term
Cultural Transmission
Definition
transmission through learning, basic to language
Term
Productivity
Definition
creating new expressions that are comprehensible to other speakers
Term
Displacement
Definition
describing things and events that are not present; basic to language
Term
Kinesics
Definition
study of communication through body movements and facial expressions
Term
Phonology
Definition
study of a language's phonemics and phonetics
Term
Morphology
Definition
(linguistic) study of morphemes and word construction
Term
Lexicon
Definition
vocabulary; all the morphemes in a language and their meanings
Term
Syntax
Definition
arrangement of words in phrases and sentences
Term
Phoneme
Definition
smallest sound contrast that distiguishes meaning
Term
Phonetics
Definition
study of speech sounds - what people actually say
Term
Phonemics
Definition
study of sound contrasts (phonemes) in a language
Term
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Definition
idea that different languages produce different patterns of thought
Term
Focal Vocabulary
Definition
set of words describing particular domains (foci) of experience
Term
Semantics
Definition
a language's meaning system
Term
Ethnosemantics
Definition
study of lexical (vocabulary) categories and contrasts
Term
Style Shifts
Definition
varying one's speech in different social contexts
Term
Diglossia
Definition
language with "high" (formal) and "low" (informal, familial) dialects
Term
Honorifics
Definition
terms of respect; used to honor people
Term
Black English Vernacular (BEV)
Definition
rule-governed dialect spoken by some African Americans
Term
Historical Linguistics
Definition
study of languages over time
Term
Daughter Languages
Definition
lagnuages sharing a common parent language, e.g., Latin
Term
Protolanguage
Definition
language ancestral to several daughter languages
Term
Subgroups
Definition
(linguistic) closely related languages
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