Term
| How many segments is the spinal cord divided into? |
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Definition
31 segments
- cervical: C1-C8 (8)
- thoracic: T1-T12 (12)
- lumbar: L1-L5 (5)
- sacral: S1-S5 (5)
- coccygeal (1)
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Definition
contain the cell bodies of sensory neurons
[image] |
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Definition
leaves the spinal cord; contains axons of somatic and visceral motor neurons
[image] |
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Definition
distal to root ganglia the sensory and motor fibers form a single spinal nerve
[image] |
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Term
| About how long does the spinal cord continue to enlarge and elongate? |
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Definition
until an individual is approximately 4 years old
(after 4 years the spinal COLUMN continues to grow but the spinal CORD does not)
as a result of this, the dorsal and ventral roots gradually elongate |
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Definition
[image][image]
the long dorsal and ventral roots that extend posterior to the end of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| specialized membranes that provide protection, physical stability, and shock absorbtion to the spinal cord and nerve roots |
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Term
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Definition
- dura mater
- arachnoid mater
- pia mater
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Term
| What are the 3 meningeal layers? |
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Definition
- dura mater- outermost layer - tough fibrous
- arachnoid mater
- pia mater
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Term
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Definition
| tough, fibrous, outermost covering of the brain and spinal cord |
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Definition
| separates the dura mater from deeper meningeal layers |
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Term
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Definition
| the middle meningeal layer, consists of simple squamous epithelium |
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Definition
| separates the arachnoid mater from the innermost pia mater; contains cerebrospinal fluid |
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Definition
acts as a shock absorber as well as a diffusion medium for dissolved gases, nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products
(easily accessed between L3 and L4 examination) |
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Term
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Definition
| innermost meningeal layer; blood vessels supplying the spinal cord are found in the pia mater |
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Term
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Definition
- lowers pressure in system = headache
- insertion of patients blood into epidural space
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Definition
- inflammation of meninges due to immune system response to a pathogen
- subarachnoid space is enlarged due to increased spinal pressure
- pressure causes decreased blood flow to spine and brain
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Term
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Definition
contain sensory and motor nuclei
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| contain somatic and visceral sensory nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
| contain neurons concerned with somatic motor control |
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Term
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Definition
| found between segments and contain visceral motor neurons |
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Definition
can be divided into columns
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| white matter that carries sensory information towards the brain (UP) |
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Definition
| relays motor commands into the spinal cord (DOWN) |
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Term
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Definition
an area of skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single posterior spinal root
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Definition
mixed sensory and motor
[image] |
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Definition
| complex interwoven network of nerves; exist where ventral rami are converging and branching to form these compound nerves |
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Term
How does this relate to nerve plexi?
R.obert T.aylor D.rinks C.old B.eers |
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Definition
| roots, trunks, division, cords, branches |
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Term
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Definition
excretory and reproductive
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Term
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Definition
AKA: radiculopathy (stinger)
- mostly in contact sports
- entrapment or nerve compression
- pain
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Term
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Definition
| pressure on sciatic nerve causing pain, tingling, numbness in lower limb |
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Definition
| an immediate involuntary response to a specific stimulus |
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Definition
| the neural "wiring" of a single reflex; begins at a receptor and ends at a peripheral effector, such as a muscle or gland cell |
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Definition
reflex that provides automatic regulation of skeletal muscle length, stretches a relaxed muscles thus activating a sensory neurn and triggering the contraction of that muscle
(most familiar stretch reflex is patellar reflex) |
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