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| Is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time interval of one minute Q=Stoke Volume x Heart Rate |
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| Pressure is the sum of hydrostatic and colloid osmotic forces that either favour or oppose filtration across the glomerular capillaries |
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| Three primary factors that determine the resistance to blood flow within a single vessel: vessel diameter (or radius), vessel length, and viscosity o the blood. The most important quantitatively and physiologically is vessel diameter. |
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Definition
| Vessel diameter changes because of contraction and relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle in the wall of the blood vessel. Very small changes in vessel diameter lead to large changes in resistance. Vessel length does not change significantly and blood viscosity normally stays within a small range. |
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| The narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall ofthe vessels, particularly the large arteries, small arterioles and veins. Important in staunching hemorrhage and acute blood loss. When blood vessels constrict, the flow of blood is restricted or decreased, thus, retaining body heat or increasing vascular resistance. Cutaneously, this makes the skin turn paler because less blood reaches the surface, reducing the radiation of heat. On a large level, vasoconstriction is one mechanism by which the body regulates and maintains mean arterial pressure |
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Definition
| The widening of blood vessels resulting from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, particularly in thelarge arteries, smaller arterioles and large veins. The process is essentially the opposite of vasoconstriction, or the narrowing of blood vessels. |
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Definition
| The lumen is the inner open space or cavity of a tubular organ, such as a blood vessel or an intestine |
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