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| study of body structure that can be examined by the naked eye |
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| connective tissue is removed from between the body organs so that the organs can be seen more clearly |
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| all structures in a single body region, such as abdomen or head, are examined as a group. |
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| all the organs with related functions are studied together |
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| study of shapes and markings on the surface of the body that reveal the underlying organs |
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| microscopic anatomy (histology) |
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| study of structures that are so small they can be seen only with a microscope |
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| traces structural changes that occur in body throughout life span and the effects of aging. |
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| study of how body structures form and develop before birth |
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| deals with the structural changes in cells, tissues, and organs caused by disease |
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| study of internal body structures by means of x-ray studies and other imaging techniques |
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| explores functional properties of body structures and assesses efficiency of design. |
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| ATOMS (tiny building blocks of matter), combine to form small MOLECULES and larger MACROMOLECULES (carbs(sugars), lipids(fats), proteins, nucleic acids) |
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| cells and their functional subunits, cellular organelles |
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| tissue is group of cells that work together to perform common function |
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| organ is discrete structure made up of more than one tissue. |
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| organs that work closely together to accomplish common purpose |
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| highest level or organzation |
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| volume slightly larger than a quart |
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| the names of specific body areas |
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| so named because it makes up the main axis of the body:HEAD, NECK, TRUNK (thorax-abdomen-pelvis) |
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| limbs, also called appendages or extremities |
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superior (cranial)
inferior (caudal) |
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toward head; ABOVE
toward lower part of body; BELOW |
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anterior (ventral)
posterior (dorsal) |
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on inner side of
on the outer side of |
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closer to origin of the body part, point of attachment
farther from origin of body or point of attachment |
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superficial (external)
deep (internal) |
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toward or at body surface
more internal |
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| lies vertically: anterior and posterior parts |
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| transverse (horizontal) plane |
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runs horizontally left to right;
superior and inferior parts |
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| vertical, divide body into right and left parts |
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| median (midsagittal) plane |
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| lies exactly in the midline |
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| divided into cranial cavity and vertebral cavity |
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| more anterior and larger of the closed body cavities |
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| visceral organs (Viscera) |
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| organs the ventral body cavity contains (lungs, heart, intestines, kidneys) |
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| one of the two ventral body cavities...surrounded by the ribs and the muscles of the chest wall |
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one of the two ventral body cavity divisions;
surrounded by the abdominal walls and pelvic girdle |
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| in thoracic cavity, surrounds lungs |
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| thoracic cavity, contains heart. |
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| surrounds heart, in the mediastinum |
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in addominopelvic cavity;
contains liver, stomach, kidneys, other organs |
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| inferior part of abdominopelvic cavity, contains bladder, some reproductive parts, and rectum |
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| many organs in the abdominopelvic cavity are surrounded by this. |
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| each of the cavities is slitlike space, lines by this. |
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| pleura -> serous pericardium -> peritoneum |
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| part of a serosa that forms outer wall of cavity |
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| continuous with parietal serosa, covers visceral organs |
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| R and L hypochondriac region, R and L lumbar region, R and L iliac (inguinal) region, Epigastric region, Umbilical region, Hypogastric region |
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| examination of small structures w microscope |
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| illuminates body tissue with beam of light |
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| transmission electron microscope (TEM/EM) |
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| illuminates body tissue with beam of electrons |
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| fine details of cells and tissues, as viewed by EM |
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| dyes with neg charged molecules |
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| Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) |
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| provides 3D pictures of whole, unsectioned surfaces with clarity |
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| sray images are viewed on this florescent screen as they are generated |
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| fills or coats soft but hollow organs, contains atoms of heavy elements such as barium that absorb more of the passing xrays |
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