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Chapter 13
Life 102 Chapter 13
19
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/19/2011

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Term
Somatic Cells
Definition
Any cell other than a gamete, have 23 pairs of chromosomes
Term
Karyotype
Definition
An ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes from a cell
Term
Homologous Chromosomes
Definition
Two chromosomes in each pair of chromosomes
Term
Genetics
Definition
Scientific study of heredity and variation
Term
Heredity
Definition
The transmission of traits from one generation to the next
Term
Variation
Definition
Demonstrated by the differences in appearance that offspring show from parents and siblings
Term
Genes
Definition
The units of heredity, and are made up of segments of DNA
Term
Gametes
Definition
Reproductive cells, sperm and eggs
Term
Locus
Definition
Each gene has a specific location on a certain chromosome
Term
Asexual reproduction
Definition
one parent produces genetically identical offspring by mitosis
Term
Clone
Definition
A group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent
Term
Sexual reproduction
Definition
Two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents
Term
Life Cycle
Definition
The generation to generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism
Term
Sex Chromosomes
Definition
X or Y
Term
Autosomes
Definition
22 pairs of chromosomes that do not determine sex
Term
Diploid Cell
Definition
Two sets of chromosome
Term
Haploid
Definition
Contains a single set of chromosomes
Term
Fertilization
Definition
The union of gametes
Term
Zygote
Definition
Fertilized egg, has one set of chromosomes from each parent
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