Term
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Definition
| The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation |
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Term
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Definition
| Transmission of traits between generations |
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Term
| 1a.3) Hereditary Variation |
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Definition
| Differences of traits between and within generations |
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Term
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Definition
| A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA in come viruses) |
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Term
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Definition
| The complete complement of an organism's genes; an organism's genetic material |
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Term
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Definition
| A specific place along the lenth of a chromosome where a given gene is located |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of genetically identical individuals or cells |
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Term
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Definition
| A change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity |
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Term
| 1b.1) Compare and contrast Asexual and sexual reproduction with regard to how many parents are normally involved in each process |
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Definition
Asexual: 1 parent
Sexual: 2 parents |
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Term
1b.2) Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction with regard to the relative amount of each parent's genes that is passed on to their offspring |
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Definition
Asexual: All of the parent's genes are passed on
Sexual: Half of each of the parent's genes are passed on |
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Term
| 1b.3) Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction with regard to the relationship between the genomes of the parents and their offspring |
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Definition
Asexual: The genomes are virtually exact copies
Sexual: The genomes vary from parents and siblings |
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Term
| 1b.4) Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction with regard to the end result of each process with regard to genetic diversity |
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Definition
Asexual: A clone
Sexual: genetically diverse offspring |
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Term
| 1b.5) Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction with regard to the sources of genetic variation for each process |
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Definition
Asexual: Mutations
Sexual: Mutations and sexual mechanisms |
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Term
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Definition
| A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape |
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Term
| 1c.2) The general purpose of karyotyping |
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Definition
| To screen for abnormal numbers of chromosomes or defective chromosomes. |
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Term
| 1c.3) At which specific phase of mitosis are the chromosomes photographed in the preparation of a karyotype |
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Definition
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Term
| 2a.1) The four characteristic features that homologous chromosomes or homologues have in common |
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Definition
| The same length, Centromere position, staining pattern, and loci |
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Term
| 2b.1) Compare and contrast somatic cells and gametes with regard to how many sets of chromosomes does each cell type normally contain |
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Definition
Somatic cells: 2 sets of chromosomes
Gametes: 1 set of chromosomes |
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Term
| 2b.2) Compare and contrast somatic cells and gametes with regard to which of these cells are haploid and which are diploid |
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Definition
Somatic cells: diploid
Gametes: Haploid |
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Term
| 2b.3) Compare and contrast somatic cells and gametes with regard to what are their specific normal haploid and diploid numbers and how are these numbers abbreviated |
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Definition
Somatic cells: 46 (2n)
Gametes: 23 (n) |
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Term
| 2b.4) Compare and contrast somatic cells and gametes with regard to which process, mitosis or meiosis, produces these cell types |
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Definition
Somatic cells: Mitoisis
Gametes: Meiosis |
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Term
| 2b.5) Compare and contrast somatic cells and gametes with regard to how many autosomes and sex chromosomes does each cell type normally contain |
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Definition
Somatic cells: 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes
Gametes: 22 single autosomes and 1 single sex chromosome |
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