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Chapter 13
Elections and Voting
21
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
04/20/2012

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Term
gerrymandering
Definition
legislative process through which the majority party in each statehouse tries to assure that the maximum number of reps from its political party can be elected to Congress through the redrawing of legislative districts
Term
redistricting
Definition
redrawing congressional districts to reflect increase or decreases in seats allotted to the states as well as population shifts within a state
Term
-primary elections
Definition
election in which voters decide which of the candidates they want to run for their party
Term
Closed primaries
Definition
primary election in which only a register voter can vote
Term
Open primaries
Definition
a primary in which any party member can vote for a member of a particular party
Term
Crossover voting
Definition
participation in the primary of a party with which the voter is not affiliated
Term
Runoff primary
Definition
a second primary election between the two candidates receiving the greatest number of votes in the first primary
Term
-general elections
Definition
election in which voters decide which candidates will actually fill elective public office
Term
ballot measures
Definition
an election option such as the initiative of referendum that enables voters to enact public policy
Term
initiative
Definition
an election that allows citizens to propose legislation and submit it to the state electorate for popular vote
Term
referendum
Definition
an election whereby the state legislature submits proposed legislation to the states voters for approval
Term
recall
Definition
an election in which voters can remove incumbents from office by popular vote
Term
Winner take all primary
Definition
electoral system in which the party that receives at least one more vote than any other party wins the election
Term
front-loading
Definition
tendency of states to choose an early date on the primary calendar
Term
electoral college
Definition
reps of each state who cast the final ballots that actually elect a president
Term
elector
Definition
member of the Electoral College chose by methods determined in each state
Term
reapportionment
Definition
reallocation of the number of seats in the House of Reps after each decennial census
Term
Conventional political participation
Definition
political participation that attempts to influence the political process through well accepted, often moderate forms of persuasion
Term
Unconventional political participation
Definition
political participation that attempts to influence the political process through unusual or extreme measures such as boycotts and picketing
Term
Ticket-splitting
Definition
voting for candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election
Term
Voter Turnout
Definition
the proportion of the voting-age public that votes
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