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Chapter 13
Pulmonary
63
Medical
Professional
10/24/2012

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Cards

Term
Apnea
Definition
Absence of spontaneous respirations
Term
Atelectasis
Definition
Collapse or closure of alveoli
Term
Auscultation
Definition
Process of listening for sounds within the body
Term
BVM
Definition
Bag-valve-mask - a hand-held device used to provide positive pressure ventilation to a patient who is not breathing or who is breathing inadequately
Term
Cough
Definition
A sudden and often repetitively occuring reflex which helps to clear the large breathing passages from secretions, irritants, foreign particles and microbes
Term
DOE
Definition
Dyspnea on exertion
Term
Dyspnea
Definition
Shortness of breath
Term
Hemoptysis
Definition
Coughing up blood
Term
Hypoxia
Definition
Pathological condition in which the body as a whole (generalized hypoxia) or a region of the body (tissue hypoxia) is depreived of adequate oxygen supply
Term
Larynx
Definition
Hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords
Term
MDI
Definition
Metered dose inhaler
Term
NC
Definition
Nasal canula
Term
Nebulizer
Definition
Medical equipment that dispenses doses of medication in the form of a mist
Term
NRB
Definition
Non-rebreather
Term
Orthopnea
Definition
Difficulty breathing when flat
Term
Pleural Cavity
Definition
Potential space between the two pleura (visceral and parietal) of the lungs
Term
Pleurisy
Definition
Inflammation of the lining of the lungs that causes chest pain when taking a deep breath. Also called pleurtic chest pain
Term
PND
Definition
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea - severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occur at night, usually awakening the person the sleep
Term
Post-Tussive
Definition
After coughing
Term
RA
Definition
Room air
Term
RR
Definition
Respiratory rate
Term
SOB
Definition
Shortness of breath
Term
Sputum
Definition
Thick mucous from lungs expelled through mouth
Term
Trachea
Definition
Tube that connects the pharynx or larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air
Term
Accessory Muscle Use
Definition
Used when the body needs assistance with breathing in times of distress
Term
BS
Definition
Breath Sounds - specific sounds identified through auscultation of the respiratory system
Term
CTAB
Definition
Clear to auscultation bilaterally
Term
Cyanotic
Definition
Bluish or slate-like skin color
Term
LLL
Definition
Left lower lobe
Term
LUL
Definition
Left upper lobe
Term
Pleural Rub
Definition
Squeaking or grating sounds of the pleural linings rubbing together
Term
Rale
Definition
Crackling noises that may be heard upon auscultation
Term
Retractions
Definition
Inward movement of the muscles between ribs or clavicles as a result of reduced pressure in the chest cavity and respiratory distress
Term
Rhonchi
Definition
Low pitched, snore-like sounds. They are caused by airway secretions and airway narrowing
Term
RLL
Definition
Right lower lobe
Term
RUL
Definition
Right upper lobe
Term
Stridor
Definition
Harsh, high-pitched respiratory sound caused by obstruction of the air passages
Term
Tachypnea
Definition
Fast respiratory rate
Term
Wheeze
Definition
Whistling sound resulting from the narrowing of the respiratory passages
Term
Asthma
Definition
Disorder that causes the airways of the lungs to swell and narrow, leading to wheezing
Term
Atelectasis
Definition
Collapse or closure of alveoli resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange
Term
Bronchitis
Definition
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi, the airways that carry airflow from the trachea into the lungs
Term
Bronchoscopy
Definition
Technique of visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes
Term
CF
Definition
Cystic Fibrosis - causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs, digestive tract and other areas of the body
Term
COPD
Definition
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - re-occurance of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, a pair of commonly co-existing diseases of the lungs in which the airways become narrowed limiting the flow of air in and out
Term
CPAP
Definition
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - a machine that uses mild air pressure to keep an airway open
Term
Cricothyrotomy
Definition
Procedure that involves placing a tube through an incision in the cricothyroid membrane to establish an airway for oxygenation and ventilation
Term
Croup
Definition
Swelling around the vocal cords leading to a "barking" cough; common in children
Term
Embolism
Definition
Obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot of blood or foreign body
Term
Hemothorax
Definition
Collection of blood in the pleural cavity
Term
PE
Definition
Pulmonary Embolism - blockage in one or more arteries in your lungs
Term
Pertussis
Definition
Bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing
Term
Pleural Effusion
Definition
Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity
Term
PNA
Definition
Pneumonia - infection of the lung
Term
Pneomothorax
Definition
Collection of air in the space around the lungs. This buildup of air puts pressure on the lung, so it cannot expand as much as it normally does
Term
Pulse Ox
Definition
Pulse Oximetry - non-invasive method allowing the monitoring of the oxygenation of a patient's hemoglobin
Term
RSV
Definition
Respiratory Syncytial Virus - common virus that leads to mild, cold-like symptoms in adults and older healthy children, but can be more serious in babies
Term
TB
Definition
Tuberculosis - bacterial infection caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually mycobacterium tuberculosis, that involves the lungs, but may spread to other organs
Term
URI
Definition
Upper Respiratory Infection - illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract: nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx
Term
V/Q Lung Scan
Definition
Ventilation/Perfusion Lung Scan - type of medical imaging using scintigraphy and medical isotopes to evaluate the circulation of air and blood within a patient's lungs in order to determine the ventilation/perfusion ratio. Commonly done in order to check for the presence of a blood clot or abnormal blood flow inside the lungs
Term
β2-Adrenergic agonists
Definition
Class of drugs used to treat asthma and other pulmonary diseases by causing smooth muscle relaxation, resulting in dilation of bronchial passages
Term
Steroids
Definition
Class of drugs used as anti-inflammatory agents
Term
Blood Clot Risk Factors
Definition
Smoking
BCP or Hormonal Replacement Therapy
Recent Surgery
Recent Long Travel
Cancer
Previous History
Family History
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