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Chapter 13
Transportation and Communication
27
History
7th Grade
06/01/2007

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Term
The Great Wagon Road
Definition
Formaly an Indian trail, called the "Warrior's Path"

Ran from North to South, traveling through the Appalachian Mountains
Term
The Wilderness Road
Definition
Cut by Daniel Boone

Used the Cumberland Gap
Term
The National Road
Definition
First federally funded highway

Ran from Maryland to Wheeling, and later to Illinois
Term
Turnpike
Definition
built by Private companies for profit

named for sharp sticks guarding the entrances to roads
Term
Steamboats
Definition
Made it easy to travel upstream

Helped with Western settlement

Increased trade between East and West
Term
Steamboats
Definition
Made it easy to travel upstream

Helped with Western settlement

Increased trade between East and West
Term
Robert Fulton
Definition
origianl developer of the steamboat, but he never recieved credit
Term
John Fitch
Definition
Credited with the development of the steamboat, Clermont
Term
Canal
Definition
A shallow man-made water highway that connects two bodies of water
Term
Lock
Definition
Water compartments that can be open and shut
Term
Erie Canal
Definition
the most famous canal, which connected New York to Lake Erie

Canal travel reached its peak around 1825
Term
Why did Canal transportation decline?
Definition
The invention of railroads
Term
Peter Cooper
Definition
Inventor of the Railroad, made the first major trial of a railroad
Term
What are the advantages of the railroad?
Definition
Faster, cheaper, not dependent on water, not affected by wealth
Term
What was the "Best Friend of Charleston"
Definition
The first train to carry cars in regular service
Term
Where were most of the railroads located?
Definition
The North and West
Term
Benjamin Franklin
Definition
The first postmaster general
Term
Pony Express
Definition
Riders carried mail on horseback

Ran from the Saint Joseph to Sacramento
Term
Samuel F.B. Morse
Definition
Inventor of the telegraph
Term
What were telegraphs initially invented for?
Definition
Railroad communication
Term
What was the Cumberland Gap?
Definition
A natural passageway through the Appalachian Mountains
Term
What is a post road?
Definition
Roads built to improve the delivery of mail.
Term
What was a "flying machine"?
Definition
a stage-coach
Term
What were some of the major cities that developed because of the invention of steamboats?
Definition
New Orleans, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Pittsburgh
Term
What road stretched all the way from Maryland to Illinois
Definition
The National Road
Term
Who is Richard Fairbanks?
Definition
Gave permission to have his house used as a post office.
Term
Who was Samuel Osgood?
Definition
Became the post-master general under the Constitution.
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