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Chapter 13
Mass Movement
12
Geology
Undergraduate 2
03/14/2011

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Term
Mass Movement
Definition
gravitationally caused down slope transport of rock, regolith (soil, sediment, and debris), snow, and ice.
Term
Influencing Factors: Slope
Definition
o High slope encourages landslide due to the element of gravity and friction.
Term
Angle of Repose
Definition
Largest slope a rock will stay stable before it slides off.
Term
Influencing Factors: Bedrock Orientation
Definition
On one side of a mountain the fractures are stable, the other unstable.
Term
Influencing Factors: Vegetation
Definition
Roots tie the rocks together, helps prevent mass movement.
Term
Influencing Factors: Water
Definition
o Water encourages mass movement
o Rocks get slippery when wet, causing slip.
Term
Influencing Factors: Water
Definition
o Water encourages mass movement
o Rocks get slippery when wet, causing slip.
Term
Creep:
Definition
Refers to the slow, gradual downslope movement of regolith on a slope. Creeping is caused by the freezing and melting of water, as land expands as the water in it freezes, and contracts when it melts. Associated with tilted trees.
Term
Slump
Definition
A mass regolith detaches from its substrate along a spoon-shaped sliding surface and slips downslope.
Term
Head Scarp
Definition
The place where a regolith detaches in a slump.
Term
Debris Flow
Definition
Mud slide mixed with larger rock fragments.
Term
Liquefaction
Definition
The transformation of seemingly sediment into a liquid-like slurry, in response to ground shaking.
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