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Chapter 1
Definitions and Math Problems
16
Mathematics
Undergraduate 1
09/28/2012

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Term
Statisticians use the method of comparsion, which is
Definition
the effect of a treatment (vaccine) on a response (getting polio), and compare the responses of a treatment group with a control group.
Term
Treatment group
Definition
subjects in which the drug is given
Term
Controls
Definition
subjects in which the drug is not given to
Term
Subjects should be assigned to treatment or control at
Definition
random
Term
Ideally, experiments should be run at
Definition
double-blind
Term
double-blind
Definition
neither subjects nor doctor know who is in the treatment group and who is in the control group
Term
Parents with higher-income are more likely to ____ to treatment
Definition
consent
Term
Parents with lower-income are more likely to ____ to treatment
Definition
not consent
Term
The treatment and control groups should be as similar as possible, except for
Definition
treatment
Term
To say something is confounded means
Definition
if two groups differ with respect to some factor other than the treatment effects
Term
Human judgment is known to be
Definition
bias
Term
Randomized controlled
Definition
when putting a subject in a treatment or control group is left up to chance
Term
Studies show patients with pain when given a placebo
Definition
one-third experienced prompt relief
Term
If the control group is comparable to the treatment group, apart from the treatment, then a difference in the responses of the two groups is likely due to the effect of
Definition
the treatment
Term
If the treatment group is different from the control group with respect to other factors, the effects of these other factors are likely to be
Definition
confounded
Term
When given a placebo the response should be
Definition
to the treatment itself rather than to the idea of treatment
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