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Chapter 12 Solar System
The solar system
18
Science
7th Grade
02/06/2014

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Term
System
Definition
a portion of the universe and all of its components, processes, and interactions
Term
Solar System
Definition
Made up of 8 planets, including Earth, and many smaller objects that orbit around the Sun
Term
Mercury
Definition
Closest planet to the Sun, smallest planet, does not have a true atmosphere, has a surface with many craters and high cliffs
Term
Venus
Definition
second planet from the Sun; similar to Earth in mass and size; has a thick atmosphere and a surface with craters, faultlike cracks, and volcanoes.
Term
Earth
Definition
third planet from the Sun; has an atmosphere that protects life and surface temperatures that allow water to exist as a solid, liquid, and gas
Term
Mars
Definition
fourth planet from the Sun; has polar ice caps, a thin atmosphere, and a reddish appearance caused by iron oxide in weathered rocks and soil
Term
Jupiter
Definition
largest and fifth planet from the Sun; contains more mass than all the other planets combined, has continuous storms of high-pressure gas, and an atmosphere mostly of hydrogen and helium
Term
Great Red Spot
Definition
giant, high pressure storm in Jupiter's atmosphere
Term
moon
Definition
a natural satellite of a planet that is held in its orbit around the planet by theĀ  planet's gravitational pull
Term
space probe
Definition
an instrument that is sent to space to gather information and send it back to Earth
Term
Saturn
Definition
second-largest and sixth planet from the Sun; has a complex ring system, at least 31 moons, and a thick atmosphere made mostly of hydrogen and helium
Term
Uranus
Definition
seventh planet from the Sun; is large and gaseous, has a distinct bluish-green color, and rotates on an axis nearly parallel to the plane of its orbit
Term
Neptune
Definition
usually the eighth planet from the Sun; is large and gaseous, has rings that vary in thickness and is bluish-green in color.
Term
crater
Definition
a nearly circular depression in a planet, moon, or asteroid that formed when an object from space hit its surface
Term
comet
Definition
space object made of dust and rock particles mixed with frozen water, methane, and ammonia that forms a bright coma as it approaches the Sun
Term
meteor
Definition
a meterioid that burns up in Earth's atmosphere
Term
meterorite
Definition
a meteroid that strikes the surface of a moon or planet
Term
asteroid
Definition
a piece of rock or metal made up of material similar to that which formed the planets; mostly found in the asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
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