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Chapter 1
Matter and Change
30
Chemistry
12th Grade
01/04/2011

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Term
Chemistry
Definition
is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the process that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes.
Term
Chemical
Definition
is any substance that has a definite composition.
Term
Mass
Definition
is a measure of the amount of matter.
Term
Matter
Definition
anything that has mass and takes up space.
Term
Atom
Definition
is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical idenity of an element.
Term
Element
Definition
is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom.
Term
Compound
Definition
is a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances, it is made of two or more elements that are chemically bonded.
Term
Extensive Properties
Definition
depend on the amount of matter that is present.
Term
Intensive Properties
Definition
do not depend on the amount of matter present.
Term
Physical Property
Definition
is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.
Term
Physical Change
Definition
a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance.
Term
Change of State
Definition
is a physical change of a substance from one state to another.
Term
Solid
Definition
is matter whose state has definite volume and shape.
Term
Liquid
Definition
is matter whose state has definite volume but not definite shape.
Term
Gas
Definition
is matter whose state has neither definite volume or shape.
Term
Plasma
Definition
is a high-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms.
Term
Chemical Property
Definition
relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances.
Term
Chemical Change/
Chemical Reaction
Definition
a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances.
Term
Reactants
Definition
the substances that react in a chemical change.
Term
Products
Definition
the substances that are formed by the chemical change.
Term
Mixture
Definition
is a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties.
Term
Homogeneous
Definition
are uniform in composition.
Term
Solutions
Definition
another name for homogeneous mixtures.
Term
Heterogeneous
Definition
are mixtures not uniform throughout.
Term
Pure Substance
Definition
has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture.
Term
Groups/
Families
Definition
the vertical columns of the periodic table.
Term
Periods
Definition
the horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table.
Term
Metal
Definition
is an element that is a good electrical conductor and heat conductor.
Term
Nonmetal
Definition
is an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
Term
Metalloid
Definition
is an element that has some characteristics of metals and non metals
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