Term
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Definition
-idea: to find out what happens to materials under star-like conditions
-laser to heat graphite surface
-made a new material
-form of carbon, buckminster fullerene (buckyball)
-smalley, kroto and curl nobel peace prize
Applied Science
-technology: take science and use it for practical purposes
(medicine, electricity,..etc.) |
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Term
| Benefits and Risks of Science and Technology |
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Definition
-Society decides this
ex. bike riding- helmet use
-x-rays: benefit, risk
-see bones and teeth: advantage
risks:damage to cells
-human research w/0 their knowledge (unethical)
-nuclear energy
b: energy
r: waste |
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Term
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Definition
-study of chemicals, periodic table
-study of atoms and molecules
-study of matter and its transformations (changes)
-chemical reactions |
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Term
Measurements
Metric System |
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Definition
System international
-length-meter (m)
-volume-leter (L)
-mass- gram (g)
centi -1/100 .01
milli - 1/1000 .001 of base unit
killi - 1000 |
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Term
| John Dalton's Atomic Theory |
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Definition
1. Each element is made of atoms
2. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions
3. All atoms of element are identical
4. Atoms of different elements have different masses |
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Term
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Definition
-Law of Mass Conservation
-for a chemical reaction the starting and ending mass are the same
-matter composed of elements that could not be broken down into something else |
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Term
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Definition
-arranged elements by mass
-elements w/similar properties in same column
-(Father of Periodic Table) (1st periodic table) |
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Term
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Definition
higher temperature, more kinetic engery
-Fahrenheit, 83 degrees today, 32 freezing pt. of water
212 boiling point of water
Celsius, degrees C
0 *C
*C = (*F - 32) x 5/9
Kelvin, K
zero K, absolute zero
atoms do not move
K = C + 273.15 |
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Term
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Definition
has a set volume and shape
atoms not moving
can vibrate
pressure does not have much affect
increase temperature: atoms move more, change phase |
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Term
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Definition
set volume, no set shape
-atoms move more, around each other
-pressure: not much change
-increase temperature; change phase to gas; atoms move more
- decrease temp ----> solid freezing pt |
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Term
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Definition
constant temperature
V = 1/p (increase pressure volume got smaller)
If v (is up) P (is down), if v (is down) p (is up) |
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Term
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Definition
at constant P
If v (is up) p (is up)
If v (is down) t (is down) |
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Term
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Definition
-amount of particles = V
(n) moles
moles of materials
(is up) n, (is up) v
(is down) n, (is down) v
(is |
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Term
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Definition
1. a gas is made of tiny particles
2. gas particles are in constant motion
3. pressure comes from gas particles hitting surface of container
4. deviation from ideal gas behavior is from: gas particles interacting
-gas particles do have a volume
5. Average Kinetic Energy = Temperature |
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Term
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Definition
-a change in phase
-keeps the substances identity
-a change in property
physical properties: color, shape, hardness, texture |
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Term
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Definition
-the substance changes identity from a chemical reaction
-a chemical property how substances react with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| H and starting at N 2 over and 4 down |
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Term
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Definition
-combinations of 2 or more substances w/o a reaction
-elements, compounds
-any phase of matter
-can be seperated into individual components
ex. air: N(2), Ar, O (2), CO (2) |
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