Term
| How many bones make up the vertebral column? (HW - page 202) |
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Definition
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Term
| How many true (movable) vertebrae are there? (HW - page 202) |
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Definition
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Term
| How many total vertebrae are there? (HW - page 202) |
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Definition
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Term
| List the five functions as given by McKinley and O’Loughlin. (HW - page 202) |
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Definition
"1) Providing support for the body. 2) Supporting the weight of the head. 3) Helping to maintain upright body position. 4) Helping to transfer axial skeleton weight to the appendicular skeleton of the lower limbs. 5) Housing and protecting the delicate spinal cord and providing a passageway for spinal nerves connecting to the spinal cord.
" |
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Term
| How many regions are there in the vertebral column? (HW - page 202) |
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Definition
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Term
| From superior to inferior list the five regions and note how many vertebrae are in each. (HW - page 202) |
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Definition
"Cervical region — 7
Thoracic region — 12
Lumbar region — 5
Sacral region — 5
Coccygeal region — 4
" |
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Term
| From superior to inferior list the four curvatures of the spine as seen in a lateral view. (HW - page 203) |
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Definition
"Cervical curvature
Thoracic curvature
Lumbar curvature
Sacral curvature
" |
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Term
| What curves develop in the womb? Give the collective and individual names. (HW - page 203) |
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Definition
"Primary curves
Thoracic curve
Sacral curve
" |
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Term
| What curves develop after birth? Give the collective and individual names. (HW - page 203) |
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Definition
"Secondary curves
Cervical curve
Lumbar curve
" |
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Term
| What is the anterior, cylindrical weight-bearing portion of a vertebra? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| What two lateral structures of a vertebra form the pillars of the passageway for the spinal cord? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| On a vertebra what structures extend from the lateral pillars to the midline? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| Together the posteriorly projecting pillars and the extensions to the midline form what structure? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| Together the posteriorly projecting pillars and the extensions to the midline form what passageway within a vertebra? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| The vertebrae form what collective passageway for the spinal cord? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| Adjacent vertebrae form what passageways for spinal nerves? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
"Intervertebral foramina
" |
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Term
| What posteriorly projecting structures of the vertebrae can be palpated? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| What lateral projections occur on each vertebra? (HW - page 204) |
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Definition
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Term
| What processes of a vertebra form synovial joints with the vertebrae immediately superior and inferior it? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
"Superior and inferior articular processes
" |
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Term
| What smooth, flat (or nearly flat), articular surfaces occur on a vertebra? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the pads of fibrocartilage between vertebrae? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the outer ring of fibrocartilage within an intervertebral disc? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the inner, circular region of an intervertebral disc? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relative size of the cervical vertebrae? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the shape of the spinous processes of C1-C6? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
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Term
| What openings in the cervical vertebrae allow the passage of the vertebral arteries and veins? (HW - page 205) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another anatomical term for C1? (HW - page 206) |
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Definition
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Term
| What structures does C1 lack? (HW - page 206) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another anatomical term for C2? What structures does C1 lack? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
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Term
| During development the body of C1 fuses to C2 to form what structure? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
"Dens (odontoid process)
" |
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Term
| What is another anatomical term for the spinous process of C7? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the general shape of the bodies of T1-T12? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a distinguishing characteristic of many of the thoracic vertebrae? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
"The spinous process is long and pointed and in some angled sharply inferiorly
" |
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Term
| Thoracic vertebrae can be distinguished from all other vertebrae by what features? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
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Term
| "What direction are the articular surfaces of the thoracic vertebrae oriented? How does this affect their movement? (HW) |
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Definition
"The superior surface is oriented posteriorly.
The inferior surface is oriented anteriorly.
Movement is in a coronal plane allowing lateral flexion.
" |
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Term
| What is the general shape of the bodies of lumbar vertebrae? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is characteristic of the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae? (HW - page 207) |
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Definition
"Thick and blunt
Project posteriorly
" |
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Term
| What direction are the articular surfaces of the lumbar vertebrae oriented? How does this affect their movement? (HW) |
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Definition
"Superior processes face medially.
Inferior processes face laterally.
Movement is in a sagittal plane allowing spinal flexion and extension.
" |
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Term
| What is the anatomical term for the anterior, superior bulge of the sacrum? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What paired openings occur on the anterior surface of the sacrum? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
| Anterior sacral (pelvic) foramina |
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Term
| The spinous processes of the sacrum form what structure? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the paired openings on the posterior side of the sacrum? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
"Posterior sacral foramina (dorsal foramina)
" |
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Term
| What lateral structures of the sacrum articulate with the ossa coxae? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the anatomical term for the tailbone?(HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What structures make up the thoracic cage? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
"Thoracic vertebrae
Ribs
Sternum
" |
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Term
| What is the anatomical term for the breastbone? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three main parts of the sternum? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
"Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process
" |
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Term
| What are the depressions on the sternum for the articulation of the clavicles? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the shallow, superior depression on the sternum? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the shallow, superior depression on the sternum? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What depressions on the sternum do the ribs articulate with? (HW - page 210) |
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Definition
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Term
| What palpable feature lies at the articulation of the manubrium and the body of the sternum? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| How many ribs are there? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| What ribs have their costal cartilages directly articulated with the sternum? What are their numbers? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| What ribs do not have their costal cartilages directly articulated with the sternum? What are their numbers? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of rib has no connection with the sternum? What are their numbers? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of a rib articulates with the body (bodies) of a vertebra(e)? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of a rib articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of a rib lies between the head and tubercle? (HW - page 211) |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs project posterolaterally from the vertebral column. What is the region of a rib where it changes if direction and begins curving toward the sternum? (HW - page 212) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main part of a rib? (HW - page 212) |
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Definition
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Term
| What feature on the inferior side of a rib marks the path of an artery, a vein, and a nerve? (HW - page 212) |
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Definition
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