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Intentional behavior aimed at doing harm or causing pain to another person |
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Aggression stemming from feelings of anger and aimed at inflicting pain |
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Aggression as a means to some goal other than causing pain |
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The instinct toward life, posited by Freud |
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According to Freud, and instinctual drive toward death, leading to aggressive actions |
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an area in the core of the brain that is associated with aggressive behaviors |
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A chemical in the brain that may inhibit aggressive impulses |
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A hormone associated with aggression |
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Frustration-Aggression Theory |
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The idea that frustration-the perception that you are being prevented from attaining a goal-increases the probability of an aggressive response |
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An object that is associated with aggressive responses and whose mere presence can increase the probability of aggression |
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The idea that we learn social behavior by observing others and imitating them |
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Ways of behaving socially that we learn implicitly from our culture |
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The notion that "blowing off steam"-by performing an aggressive act, watching others engage in aggressive behaviors, or engaging in a fantasy of aggression-relieves built-up aggressive energies and hence reduces the likelihood of further aggressive behavior |
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Frustration-aggression hypothesis (Dollard and Miller) |
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1. experience b/c of blocked goal 2. leads to intigation to aggress 3. If outward then it may be direct or displacement. 4. If inward then might be suicide. |
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Frustration-aggression hypothesis Revised (Berkowitz, 1989) |
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1. Experience aversive event 2. which has a negative affect 3. This can lead to fight or flight which is dependent on higher-order cognitive processing. |
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