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| concerns the physoiological and psychological processes underlying the initiation of behaviors that direct orgamisms toward specific goals |
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| the body's physiological processes that allow it to maintain consistant internal states in response to the outer environment |
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| the physiological triggers that tell us we may be deprived of something and cause us to seek out what is needed, such as food |
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| the stimuli we seek to reduce the drives such as social approval and companionship, food, water, and other needs |
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| the point in a meal when we are no longer motivated to eat |
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| a sugar that serves as a primary energy source for the brain and the rest of the body |
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| the tendency to assume that the unit of sale or porportioning is an appropriate amount to consume |
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Definition
| a disorder of positive energy balance in which energy intake exceeds energy expenditure |
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| an eating disorder that involved self-starvation, intense fear of weight gain and a distorted perception of body image, and a denial of the serious consequences of severly low weight |
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| an eating disorder that is characterised by periods of food deprivation, binge-eating, and purging |
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| the motivation for sexual activity and pleasure |
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| describes the phases of physiological change during sexual activity, which comprises four primary stages: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution |
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| a time period during which erection and orgasm are not physically possible |
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| a consistent preference for sexual relations with members of the opposite sex, same sex, or either sex |
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affilitation motivation
(the need to belong) |
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Definition
| the motivation to maintain relationships that onvolve pleasant feelings such as warmth, affection, appreciation, and mutual concern for each person's well-being |
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| the drive to perform at high levels to accomplish significant goals |
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| motives that reflect a desire to understand or overcome a challenge |
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| generally those motives that are geared toward gaining rewards or public recognition |
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| unpleasant outcomes such as shame, embarrassment, or emotional pain, which we try to avoid |
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| enjoyable and pleasant incentives that we are drawn toward, such as praise and financial reward |
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a psychological experience involving three components:
(1) subjective thoughts and experiences with (2) accompanying patterns of physical arousal and (3) characteristic behavioral expressions |
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| James-Lange theory of emotion |
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Definition
| our physiological reactions to stimuli (the racing heart) precede and give rise to the emotional experience (the fear) |
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| Cannon-Bard theory of emotion |
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Definition
| states that emotions such as fear or happiness occur simultaneously with their physiological components |
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facial feedback hypothesis |
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Definition
| if emotional expressions influence subjective emotional experiences, then the act of forming a facial expression should elicit the specific, corrosponding emotion |
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| two-factor theory of emotion |
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Definition
| holds that patterns of physical arousal and the cognitive labels we attach to them form the basis of our emotional experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| refer ti the unwritten expectations we have regarding when it is appropriate to show a certain emotion |
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Definition
| variations across cultures in how common emotions are expressed |
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