Term
| what action usually aggrivated a hernia and rectus distasis? |
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Definition
| hernia and rectus diastasis usually become more evident when a patient raises head and shoulders from a supine position. |
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Term
| A protrusion through a defective umbilical ring is most common in infants but also in adults. In infants, but not in adults, it usually closes spontaneuously within 1-2 years. |
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Definition
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Term
| this is a protrusion through an operative scar. Palpate to detect the length and width of the defect in the abdominal wall. A small defect, through with a large hernia has passed, has a greater risk for complications than a large defect. |
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Definition
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Term
| A small midline protrusion through a defect in the linea alba occurs between the xiphoid process and the umbillicus. With the patient's head and shoulders raised (or with the patient standing), run your fingerpad down the linea alba to feel it. |
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Definition
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Term
common, benign, fatty tumors, usually in the subcutaneous tissues almost anywhere in the body, including hte abdominal wall.
small or large, they are usually soft and and often lobulated.
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Definition
Lipoma
*press your finger down on the edge of the lipoma. the tuor typically slips out from under it. |
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Term
| separation of the two rectus abdominus muscles, through which abdominal contents form a midline ridge when the patient raises the head and shoulders. Often seen in repeated pregnancies, obesity, and chronic lung disease. It has no clinical consequences. |
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Definition
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Term
This is the most common cause of a protuberant abdomen. It thickens the abdominal wall, the mesentery, the omentum. the umbilicus may appear sunken.
A pannus, or apron of fatty tissue, may exten below the inguinal ligaments. Lift is to look for inflammation in the skin folds or even hidden hernia. |
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Definition
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Term
This causes a tympanic percussion note. produced by certain foods and may cause mild distention.
more serious are intestinal obstruction and adynamic (paralytic) ileus.
Distention becomes more marked in colonic than in small bowel obstruction. |
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Definition
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Term
This usually rises out of the pelvis, and is dull to percussion.
Air filled bowel is displaced to the periphery.
Occasionally a markedly filled bladder maybe be mistakn for this. |
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Definition
Tumor.
Causes includs ovarian tumors adn uterine myomata. |
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Term
This is a common cause of a pelvic "mass."
Listen for the fetal heart. |
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Definition
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Term
This seeks the lowest point of the abdomen. Protruding buldging flanks are dull to percussion.
the umbilicus may protrude.
Turn the patient to one side to detect the shift in position or the fluid level (shifting dullness). |
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Definition
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Term
this fluid generally sinks with gravity, whereas gas filled loops of bowel float to the top.
Look for such a pattern of percussing outward in several directions from the central area of tymphany Map the border between tymphany and dullness.
Test for shifting dullness-ask patient to turn to one side. in a person without ascities, the borders between tymphany and dullness are consistant. |
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Definition
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Term
| Two ways to check for assessing possible ascites: |
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Definition
1. test for dullness
2. test for a fluid wave |
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Term
| bowel sounds are increased in such conditions as: |
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Definition
| diarrhea or early intestinal obstruction. |
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Term
listen for bowel sounds for 2 min or longer to confirm decreased bowel sounds.
if the bowel sounds are decreased, then absent, it may indicate: |
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Definition
| adynamic ileus and peritonitis. |
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Term
1. high pitched tinkling sounds in abdomen suggest:
2. Rushes of high pitched sounds coinciding with an abdominal cramp indicate: |
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Definition
1. interstinal fluid and air under tention in a dilated bowel.
2. intestinal obstruction. |
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Term
this type of hum is rare.
It is a soft humming noise with both systolic and diastolic components.
It indicates increased collateral circulation between portal and systemic venous systems as in hepatic cirrhosis. |
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Definition
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Term
1. This type of bruit suggests carcinoma of the liver or alcoholic hepatitis.
2. this type of bruit (with both systolic and diastolic components) suggest partial occulsion of the aorta or large arteries. Partial occlusion of a renal artery may explain hypertension. |
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Definition
1. Hepatic Bruit
2. Arterial Bruit |
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Term
These types of rubs are rare. They are grating sounds with respiratory variation.
They include inflammtion of the peritoneal surface of an organ, as in liver cancer, chlamydial or gonoccal perihepatitis, recent liver biopsy, or splenic infarct.
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Definition
Friction Rubs
*when a systolic bruit accompanies a hepatic friction rub, susupect carcinoma of the liver. |
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Term
| tenderness may originate in the abdominal wall. When the patient raises the head and shoulders, this tenderness persists, wheras tenderness from a deeper lesion (protected by tightened) muscles decreases. |
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Definition
| Abdominal Wall Tenderness |
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Term
| Tender to deep palpation. Usually the discomfort is dull with no muscular rigidity or rebound tenderness. |
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Definition
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Term
| Abdominal pain and tenderness result from actue pleural inflammation. When unilateral, it may mimic acute cholecystitis or appendicitis. Rebound tenderness and rigidity are less common, chest signs are usually present. |
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Definition
Acute Pleurisy.
*unilateral, or bilateral, upper or lower abdomen. |
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Term
Frequently BILATERAL, the tenderness of acute sapingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes) is usually maximal just above the inguinal ligaments.
Rebound tenderness and rigidity may be present. On pelvic examination, motion of the uterus causes pain. |
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Definition
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Term
Signs are maximal in the right upper quadrant.
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Definition
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Term
| epigastric tenderness and rebound tenderness are usually present, but the abdominal wall may be soft. |
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Definition
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Term
RLQ signs are typical but maybe absent early on.
Explore other portions of the RLQ as well as the right flank. |
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Definition
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Term
| Most often involves the sigmoid colon and then resembles a lest sided appendicitis. |
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Definition
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