R-OTS 

(TOSYLATE ESTERS)

AKA 

"GOOD-LEAVING GROUPS"

R-O-R' 

ETHERS!

ADDITION OF O OR O_2 ^; 

ADDITION OF X₂ (halogens); 

LOSS OF H₂

OXIDIZING AGENTS: O₂, Br₂

OXIDATION CONVERTS C-H BONDS TO C-O BONDS

ADDITION OF H₂ (or H^-) 

LOSS OF O OR O₂

LOSS OF X₂

REDUCTION AGENTS: H_2, NaBH₄

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Reagent for Secondary Alcohols 

YIELDS KETONES!!! 

(ACTIVE REAGENT = CHROMIC ACID)

(CAN ALSO BE USED WITH PRIMARY ALCOHOLS ALSO)

Reagent for Secondary Alcohols 

YIELDS KETONES!!! 

(ACTIVE REAGENT = CHROMIC ACID)

AKA THE "JONES REAGENT"

Reagent for Secondary Alcohols 

YIELDS KETONES!!! 

(ACTIVE REAGENT = CHROMIC ACID)

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PRIMARY ALCOHOLS USUALLY OVEROXIDIZES UNTIL IT REACHES C.ACID UNLESS A SPECIFIC REAGENT IS USED TO MAKE ALDEHYDE

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MAKES A CARBOXYLIC ACID

CrO₃*pyridine*HCl

CHCl₂

Pyridinium chlorochromate aka (PCC) 

soluble in (CH₂Cl₂)

YIELDS ALDEHYDES FROM PRIMARY ALCOHOLS!!!! 

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NOT IMPORTANT

B/C CARBINOL DOES NOT HAVE HYDROGEN ATOMS ON IT. IF IT DOES GET OXIDIZED SEVERE CONDITIONS ARE NEEDED AND IT RESULTS IN A HUGE MESS OF MIXTURES OF PRODUCTS 

CrO₃ in Pyridine

USED W/ PRIMARY ALCOHOLS TO CREATE AN ALDEHYDE

OXIDANT WITH REDUCED POWER!! 

PYRIDINIUM DICHROMATE

aka (PDC)

OXIDIZES PRIMARY ALCOHOLS ONLY...

TO ALDEHYDE!!!!!!

Less hazardous Oxidant 

Secondary Alcohol -> ketone

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