Term
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Definition
| making goods and services available in the right quantities and locations, when customers want them |
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Term
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Definition
| any series of firms or individuals who participate in the flow of products from producer to final user or consumer |
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Term
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Definition
| direct communication between a seller and an individual customer using a promotion method other than face to face personal selling |
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Term
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Definition
| the difference between the quantity of products it is economical for a producer to make and the quantity final users or consumers normally want |
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Term
| Discrepancy of Assortment |
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Definition
| the difference between the lines a typical producer makes and the assortment final consumers or users want |
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Term
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Definition
| adjust the quantities or assortments of products handle at each level in a channel of distribution |
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Term
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Definition
| involves collecting products from many small producers |
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Term
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Definition
| involves dividing larger quantities into smaller quantities as products get closer to the final market |
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Term
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Definition
| separating products into grades and qualities desired by different target markets |
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Term
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Definition
| putting together a variety of products to give a target market what it wants |
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Term
| Traditional Channel System |
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Definition
| the various channel members make little or no effort to cooperate with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| a manager who helps direct the activities of a whole channel and tries to avoid or solve channel conflicts |
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Term
| Vertical Marketing Systems |
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Definition
| channel systems in which the whole channel focuses on the same target market at the end of the channel |
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Term
| Corporate Channel Systems |
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Definition
| corporate ownership all along the channel |
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Term
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Definition
| acquiring firms at different levels of channel activity |
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Term
| Administered Channel Systems |
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Definition
| the channel members informally agree to cooperate with each other |
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Term
| Contractual Channel Systems |
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Definition
| the channel members agree by contract to cooperate with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| makes a product available widely enough to satisfy target customers' needs but not exceed them |
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Term
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Definition
| selling a product through all responsible and suitable wholesalers or retailers who will stock or sell the product |
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Term
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Definition
| selling through only those intermediaries who will give the product special attention |
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Term
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Definition
| selling through only one intermediary in a particular geographic area |
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Term
| Multichannel Distribution |
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Definition
| occurs when a producer uses several competing channels to reach the same target market - perhaps using several intermediaries in addition to selling directly |
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Term
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Definition
| channels used to retrieve products that customers no longer want |
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Term
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Definition
| selling some of what the firm producers to foreign markets |
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Term
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Definition
| selling the right to use some process, trademark, patent or other right for a fee or royalty |
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Term
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Definition
| the seller provides only management and marketing skills - others own the production and distribution facilities |
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Term
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Definition
| a domestic firm enters into a partnership with a foreign firm |
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Term
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Definition
| a patent firm has a division (or owns a separate subsidiary firm) in a foreign market |
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