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Definition
| A test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn. |
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| a test designed to assess what a person has learned. |
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| the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas. |
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Definition
| the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest |
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Definition
| the behavior (such as future college grades) that a test (such as the SAT) is designed to predict; thus, the measure used in defining whether the test has predictive validity |
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Definition
| a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one’s genetic makeup |
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Emotional Intelligence
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Definition
| the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions. |
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Definition
| a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one’s total score. |
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General Intelligence (g)
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Definition
| a general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test |
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Definition
| mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations |
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Intelligence Test
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Definition
| a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores |
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Intelligence Quotient
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Definition
| defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 [IQ = (ma/ca) x 100]. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100 |
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Definition
| a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. |
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Term
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Definition
| the symmetrical bell¬-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes |
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Predictive Validity
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Definition
| the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (Also called criterion-related validity.) |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting |
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Definition
| a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill |
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Definition
| the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test |
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Definition
| defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group |
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Stereotype Threat
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Definition
| a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype. |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to |
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
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Definition
| the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests |
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