Term
| Plural form of Latin nouns, ending in -a |
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Definition
ending changes to -ae
Ex:
areola->areolae
bursa->bursae
conjuctiva->conjunctivae
patella-> patellae
petechia->petechiae
ruga->rugae
scapula->scapulae
sclera->sclerae
vertebra->vertebrae |
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Term
| Plural form of a latin noun that ends in -us |
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Definition
change to -i
Ex:
alveolus->alveoli
bronchus->bronchi
calculus->calculi
decubitus->decubiti
glomerulus->glomeruli
gyrus->gyri
nucleus->nuclei
sulcus->sulci
thrombus->thrombi
villus->villi |
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Term
| Plural form of latin nouns ending in -um |
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Definition
ending changes to -a
Ex:
atrium->atria
bacterium->bacteria
diverticulum->diverticula
haustrum-> haustra
hilum->hila
labium->labia
ovum->ova |
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Term
| plural form of latin nouns ending in -is |
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Definition
ending changes to -es
Ex:
diagnosis->diagnoses
testis->testes
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Term
| Plural form of latin nouns ending in -ex |
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Definition
ending changes to -ices
Ex:
apex->apices
cortex->cortices
index->indices |
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Term
| Plural form of greek nouns ending in -is |
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Definition
ending changes to -ides
Ex:
epididymis-> epididymides
iris->irides
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Term
| Plural form of greek nouns ending in -nx |
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Definition
ending changes to -nges
Ex:
Phalanx->Phalanges |
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Term
| Plural form of greek nouns ending in -oma |
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Definition
ending changes to -omata
Ex:
carcinoma->carcinomata
firbroma->fibromata
leiomyoma->leiomyomata |
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Term
| Plural form of greek nouns ending in -on |
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Definition
ending changes to -a
Ex:
ganglion->ganglia
mitochondrion->mitochondria |
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Term
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Definition
- Combining form: The foundation of the word
- Suffix: The word ending
- Prefix: an optional word beggining
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Term
| Characteristics of the combining form |
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Definition
- A combining form is a word part that is the foundation of a word.
- A combinging form gives the word its main medical meaning
- A combining form has a root, a forward slash, a combining vowel (usually an o), and a final hyphen.
- Most medical words contain a combining form
- Sometimes a medical word contains two combining forms, one right after the other.
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Term
| Some combining forms need to be memorized because they are very different from their medical meaning |
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Definition
Ex:
- cholecyst/0- : gallbladder
- cost/o- : rib
- enter/o- : intestine
- hepat/o- : liver
- hyster/o- : uterus (womb)
- lapar/o- : abdomen
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Term
| Characteristics of suffixes: |
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Definition
- A suffix is a word part that is at the end of a word.
- A suffix modifies or clarifies the medical meaning of the combining form.
- A suffix is a single letter or group of letters that begins with a hyphen
- most medical words contain a suffix
- Occasionally, a medical word has two suffixes, one right after the other.(nutritional, personality, incisional)
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Term
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Definition
- -ac: Ex: cardiac: pertaining to the heart
- -al: Ex: intestinal: pertaining to the intestines
- -ar: muscular: pertaining to the muscles
- -ary: urinary: pertaining to the urine
- -ic: pelvic: pertaining to the pelvis
- -ine: uterine: pertaining to the uteris
- -ive: digestive: pertiaining to digestion
- -ous: venous: pertaining to a vein
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Term
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Definition
- -ation: urination: a process of making urine
- -ion: digestion: a process of breaking down food.
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Term
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Definition
- -ia: condition, state, thing: pneumonia: condition of the lung
- -ism: process; disease from a specific cause: hypothyroidism: disease from a specific cause of a deficient thyroid gland (hormone)
- -itis: inflammation; infection: tonsillitis: infection of the tonsil
- -megaly: enlargement: cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart
- -oma: tumor; mass: neuroma: tumor on a nerve
- -osis: abnormal condition: psychosis: abnormal condition of the mind
- -pathy: disease: arthropathy: disease of a joint
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