Term
| Nightingale's Theory of Environment |
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Definition
Highlights the relationship between an individuals environment and health;
Depicts health as a continuum;
Emphasizes preventive care |
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Term
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Definition
Purpose: to predict of explain health behaviors; emphasizes change at the individual level
Assumes preventative health measures are taken primarily to avoid disease
Describes likelihood of taking an action |
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Term
| Milio's Framework for Prevention |
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Definition
Complements the health belief model and emphasized change at the community level.
Identifies relationship between health deficits and availability of health-promoting resources.
Theorizes that behavior changes within a large number of people can ultimately lead to social change |
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Term
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Definition
group of people and institutions that share geographic, civic and/or social parameters
Vary in characteristics and health needs |
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Term
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Definition
Used to describe the health status of a community and serve as targets for improvement of a community's health
I.E. mortality rates, disease prevalence, physical activity, tobacco use, obesity. |
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Term
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Definition
Focus: individuals and families
Nursing: illness care: manage acute/chronic conditions where the focused live, work and "attend," like school, prison, camp |
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Term
| Community-oriented Nursing |
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Definition
Focus: at risk individuals/groups/families and community
Nursing: Health care: determine health needs of community and intervening at individual/group/family level to improve collective help of community |
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Term
| Community Health Nursing Practice |
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Definition
Focus: synthesis of nursing and public health theory
Nursing: promote, preserve and maintain health of populations by delivery of health services to individual/groups in order to impact "community health" |
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Term
| Public Health Nursing Practice |
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Definition
Focus: synthesis of nursing and PH theory
Nursing: promote, preserve and maintain the health of populations through disease and disability prevention and health protection of the community as a whole.
Core functions: systemic assessment of health, development of policies, ensuring services are available |
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Term
| Ethical Principles application to CH |
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Definition
1. Respect for autonomy (respect client's right to self-determination)
2. Nonmaleficence (develop POC that include a system for monitoring and evaluating outcomes)
3. Beneficence (assess risk/benefit when planning interventions)
4. distributive justice (determine eligibility for health care service based on income and fiscal resources) |
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Term
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Definition
study of health related trends in populations for the purposes of disease prevention, health maintenance, and health protection
Provides a broad understanding of the spread, transmission and incidence of disease and injury
study of relationships among an agent, host and an environment: triangle |
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Term
Epidemiological Calculations |
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Definition
Incidence per 1000 = # of new cases in population @ specific time x 1000
population total
Prevalence per 1000 = # of existing cases in pop @ specific time x 1,000
population total
Crude Mortality Rate per 1000 = # of deaths x 1,000
population total
Infant Mortality Rate per 1000 = # of infant deaths < 1 y.o x 1,000
# of live births, same year
Attack Rate = # of people exposed to specifc agent who develop disease
total # of people exposed
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Term
| The Epidemiological Process |
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Definition
1. Determine nature, extent and possible significance of problem.
2. Using date, formulate possible theory.
3. Gather info from variety of sources to narrow down possibilities
4. Make the plan to break the cycle
5. Put plan in action to control disease
6. Evaluate the plan
7. Report and follow up. |
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Term
| Development of a community health education plan |
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Definition
1. identify population specific learning needs
2. consider concerns and effect of health needs on population to determine priority learning need
3. select aspects of learning theories to use based on identified learning need
4. identify barriers to learning and learning style
5. design educational program with short/long term goals
Implement and Evaluate |
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Term
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Definition
Become Health People 2020 in Jan, 2010.
every ten years they publish national health objectives that serve as a guide for promoting health and preventing disease. It is coordinated by the US Dept of HHS and federal agencies |
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Term
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Definition
Prevention of initial occurrence of disease or injury
Nutrition education, prenatal classes, family planning, sex education, health hygiene education to specific groups, communicable disease education, safety, providing immunizations, advocating for access to health care |
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Term
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Definition
Early detection and treatment of disease with goal of limiting severity and adverse effects.
Community assessments, disease surveillance, screenings, control of outbreaks of communicable disease |
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Term
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Definition
Maximization of recovery after an illness or injury.
Nutrition counseling, exercise rehab, case management, PT, OT, support group, HTN exercise |
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