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| Principle of Complementary |
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| Function always reflects structure |
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| upper area between pelvic bones |
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| lower area between pelvic bones |
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| lower back, lateral to vertebral region |
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| between anus and genitals |
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| divides body into superior and inferior |
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| divides body into left and right. |
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| divides body into anterior and posterior |
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| what 2 subdivisions does the dorsal body cavity entail? |
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| thoracic and abdominopelvic |
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| what two subdivisions does the ventral body cavity entail? |
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| double layered, moist membrane |
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| thin layer of lubricating fluid located b/t parietal and visceral serosa (secreted by both membranes) prevents friction |
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| lines body cavity wall. Lays on inside of cavity |
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| covers organs in the body cavity |
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| covers abdominopelvic organs |
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external body covering that protects deeper tissue; synthesizes Vit. D and houses sweat glands and oil.
(ex. hair, skin, nails) |
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protects and supports body organ. provides framework for movement. blood cells formed w/in bones. store minerals.
(ex: bones, joints) |
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maintains posture, produces heat. allows locomotion and facial expression.
(ex: skeletal, smooth, cardiac) |
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responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands. control system of body
(ex: brain, spinal cord, nerves) |
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glands secrete hormones regulating growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by blood cells
(ex: pancreas, thyroid) |
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picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns to blood. houses white blood cells. mounds attack against foreign substances in body
(ex: thymus, spleen red bone marrow) |
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keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen. gaseous exchange in lungs
(ex: pharynx, larynx, trachea) |
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eliminates waste from body. regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of blood
(ex: kidney, ureter, bladder) |
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| sensor that responds to stimuli |
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| integration center. receptor sends info to control center via AFFERENT pathways |
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| means of response. control center sends info to effector via EFFERENTpathways |
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| system in which response of the effector increases the intensity of the initial stimulus; variable continues farther from homeostatic value. causes range to completely change |
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| system in which response of the effector shuts off or decreases the intensity of the initial stimulus; brings variable back to homeostatic value. *prevents sudden, severe, life-threatening changes in the body |
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| gross or macroscopic anatomy |
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| study of large body structures visible to the naked eye |
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| study of all structures in particular region of the body |
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| study of body structure system by system |
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| study of internal structures as they relate to overlying skin surface |
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| study of structures too small to be seen by eye |
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| study that traces structural changes that occur in body throughout life span |
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| physiology concerned with kidney function and urine production |
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| workings of the nervous system |
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| cardiovascular physiology |
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| operation of heart and blood vessels |
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refer to specific areas of the body
axial vs. appendicular |
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| body can be sectioned or cut along a flat surface for study |
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| protects nervous system (skull and vertabrae) |
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| houses internal organs (viscera) |
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| contains the heart, surrounds remaining organs |
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| digestive viscera (organs) |
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| (inside pelvic bones) contains bladder, reproductive viscera, rectum |
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| dynamic state of equilibrium |
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| conditions vary within relatively narrow limits |
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